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Anthocyanidins are important secondary metabolites in tea plant with significant health benefits, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as prevention of cardiovascular diseases. They play a key role in the coloration of purple tea leaves, and their biosynthesis is regulated by both endogenous and exogenous factors. This paper systematically reviewed the metabolic regulation mechanism of anthocyanin in tea plant, with emphasis on discussing different varieties and characteristics of purple tea, biosynthesis pathways, regulatory networks, the influence of external environments, degradation mechanisms, and prospected the future research direction, so as to better analyze the molecular regulation mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tea leaves, accurately regulate leaf color in tea plant artificially, and provide reference value for cultivating anthocyanin-rich tea plant varieties.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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