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Objective To study and analyze the content of aflatoxins in Hunan characteristic chili sauce and the main sources of aflatoxin contamination. Methods Content of aflatoxins in raw materials, wheat germ, semi-finished products, and finished products in Hunan characteristic chili sauce enterprises for 3 consecutive years was tracked and monitored. Traditional cultivation methods and gene sequencing technology was used to isolate and identify fungi in key production processes, and determine the main source links and strains of aflatoxins in Hunan characteristic chili sauce. Results Due to the influence of traditional techniques, the content of aflatoxin in spicy sauce products of various enterprises was unstable, with the highest aflatoxin content occurring in the wheat germ stage. Rhizopus and Aspergillus oryzae may be the main dominant microorganisms in the growth of spicy sauce. The 14 strains of fungi were isolated and screened from samples with high levels of aflatoxin, of which 6 strains were Aspergillus flavus. Through verification and traceability analysis, it was found that the main source of aflatoxin content in spicy sauce was Aspergillus flavus in raw materials or wheat germ. Conclusion Important step in the production of aflatoxin in Hunan characteristic chili sauce is the wheat germ making process, and the main source of aflatoxin is Aspergillus flavus. Therefore, the isolation, identification, and traceability research of Aspergillus flavus in Hunan characteristic chili sauce have important guiding significance for the quality and safety control of Hunan characteristic chili sauce.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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