Objective To analyze the nutritional components of traditional sour whey and its products and explore its comprehensive utilization value. Methods The traditional sour whey was separated step by step into a variety of homogeneous and stable whey products by composite membrane separation technology. The content of protein, fat, peptide, mineral and lactose was used as evaluation index to analyze the nutritional characteristics and availability direction of these products. Results Four kinds of whey products: Thin cream RQ-1 for milk standardization (fat content 47.4 g/100 g); microfiltration membrane interception liquid RQ-3 was a high-protein and polypeptide drink (protein content 3.52 g/100 g; peptide content 0.92 g/100 g); ultrafiltration membrane interception liquid RQ-5 was a pure peptide type drink (peptide content 0.87 g/100 g); the reverse osmosis membrane interception liquid RQ-9 could be used for the development of mineral drinks (ash content 0.88 g/100 g, 5 major elements detected) and the recycling of lactose (lactose content 3.92 g/100 g). Conclusion “Turning waste into treasure” of traditional sour whey is directly related to the increase of herdsmen's income. The membrane separation method provides a new solution for its comprehensive utilization.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |