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Objective To establish an analytical method for the determination of 6 kinds of Sudan dyes in Capsicum annuum powder based on liquid-liquid microextraction with deep eutectic solvents (DES) combined with high performance liquid chromatography. Methods Sudan red I, Sudan red II, Sudan red III, Sudan red IV, Sudan red 7B and Sudan red G in Capsicum annuum powder were extracted by liquid-liquid microextraction. The extract was filtered through a microporous membrane and then determined by high performance liquid chromatography with external standard method for quantification. The effects of DES dilution ratio, DES molar ratio, DES addition amount, extraction time, and extraction method on the extraction efficiency of 6 kinds of Sudan dyes were investigated. Results The results showed that the optimal method conditions were: Dilution ratio of DES 5 times, molar ratio of DES 1:2.5, addition amount of DES 600 μL, extraction time 50 s, and extraction method was vortex extraction. Under these conditions, the established equation had a good linear relationship in the range of mass concentration 0.1-50.0 mg/L, the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.999, the limits of detection were 0.03-0.20 mg/kg, and the limits of quantitative were 0.10-1.00 mg/kg. The recovery rates of Sudan red G, Sudan red I, and Sudan red II were higher, ranging from 71.6% to 117.5%, with relative standard deviations of 0.6% to 4.7%. Conclusion The established method is simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly, and can be used for rapid detection of 6 kinds of Sudan dyes in Capsicum annuum.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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