Agricultural drought risk assessment is the prerequisite for agricultural drought risk management. Crop growth is highly vulnerable to threats from natural disasters such as droughts, floods, and typhoons, with drought-induced losses accounting for over 50% of the total agricultural natural disaster losses. Based on the regional natural disaster system theory, this study constructs an agricultural drought disaster risk assessment indicator system comprising three components of hazard, vulnerability, and exposure. A total of 22 indicators including annual precipitation were selected. The study adopts county-level administrative regions across China as research units and integrates the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to establish the agricultural drought disaster risk assessment framework. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of drought hazard is significantly correlated with annual precipitation, showing a trend of higher hazard in the northwest and lower in the southeast. Provinces with the highest vulnerability include Heilongjiang, Guizhou, and Ningxia, while Guangdong and Zhejiang exhibit the lowest vulnerability due to their strong economic resilience and low disaster impact indices. Henan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, and Ningxia demonstrate higher comprehensive drought risk ratings owing to high agricultural exposure levels. In contrast, regions such as Qinghai, Tibet, Fujian, and Zhejiang exhibit the lowest risk levels due to smaller agricultural scales or abundant water resources. This research can provide a basis for targeted agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation strategies.

agricultural drought  /  risk assessment  /  disaster prevention and mitigation  /  multi-factors