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After intercropping pepper with areca nut, the growth of pepper is restored and the intercropping barrier is alleviated. This is related to the increase in soil microbial diversity by the root exudates of areca nut. However, the specific components that play a role and the effects are still unclear. Three specific components of areca nut root exudates identified were added them to the deionized water for cultivation as the control and the differences in soil microbial carbon source utilization ability among different treatment groups were analyzed using the Biolog microplate method. This was done to clarify the effects of the specific component on the functional diversity and community structure of the rhizosphere soil microorganisms of intercropped pepper and to analyze the correlation between the treatment groups and related indicators using the PCA method. The average absorbance values (AWCD) of the three specific components treatments reached the maximum and were stable significantly higher than those of the deionized water control. The Shannon index and Shannon evenness of the treatments containing flavonoids and phenolic acids were significantly higher than those of the deionized water control, while the Shannon index of the organic acid treatment was only significantly different. The Simpson dominance index of the deionized water control was significantly higher than that of other treatments, while the yellowing acid treatment was significantly lower than that of other treatments. The number of carbon sources changed in the Biolog culture plates caused by the addition of organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and deionized water was 17, 18, 15 and 12 respectively, and the carbon sources decomposed by the three specific component treatments were mainly carbohydrates. With the addition of specific components, the soil microbial community structure also changed significantly. The changes in the yellowing acid treatment were the most obvious, followed by organic acids and phenolic acids, and the soil nutrient indicators also changed with the addition. In summary, the addition of the three specific components of areca nut root exudates significantly enhanced the carbon utilization activity of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere of intercropped pepper and increased the functional diversity of the soil community. The three treatment groups mainly increased the utilization of carbon sources by microorganisms to enhance diversity and maintained the stability of the community structure, thereby improving the nutrient status of the pepper rhizosphere and alleviating the harm of pepper intercropping barrier.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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