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In this experiment, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. plantlets in vitro were used as detected material. In order to investigate the most suitable fertilization formula for increasing aroma of P. amaryllifolius Roxb. plantlets in vitro. And the volatile components of P. amaryllifolius Roxb. plantlets in vitro were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the results were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster heatmap analysis. The results showed that the volatile components were similar in seven different treatments, but their volatile contents were different greatly (P<0.05). A total of 21 volatile components were detected, including alcohols, pyrroles, esters, ketones, furans, furans, acids, olefins and phenols, and squalene, phytol. Among them 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), neophytadiene, 3-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran were the main volatile components. The average content of the characteristic aroma component 2AP were (48.07±13.14)μg/g of P. amaryllifolius Roxb. plantlets in vitro, and the treatment 6 (zinc+fertilizer combinations) was hightest to 72.03 μg/g; however the treatment 1 (IBA+zinc+fertilizer combinations) was the lowest to 31.96 μg/g, and the treatment 6 could significantly increase the content of the characteristic aroma component 2AP. The results of principal component analysis showed significant difference between the fertilizer combinations treatment (ammonium bicarbonate + calcium superphosphate+potassium chloride) and the water treatment, and the main volatile components of the treatment 2 and the treatment 6 were phytol, 2AP, 3-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, neophytadiene; and the main volatile components of the treatment 1 and the treatment 5 were ethyl oleate-based esters, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol-based phenols, acetol-based ketones. The volatile components were mainly squalene in the treatment 3, treatment 4 and treatment 7. Cluster analysis showed that higher volatile component in the treatment 6 (zinc+fertilizer combinations), and the volatile component were significantly lower in the treatment 1 (IBA+zinc+fertilizer combinations). There were no obviously differences in other treated groups. The conclusion indicated that zinc sulfate immersion and ammonium bicarbonate+calcium superphosphate+potassium chloride fertilizer can improve aroma than other groups.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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