To address the issues of low added value in traditional pepper processing, poor fluidity of pepper oleoresin, and the incomplete extraction and emulsification techniques for freeze-dried green pepper oleoresin, this study used freeze-dried green pepper as raw material to prepare pepper oleoresin through ultrasonic-microwave assisted extraction. The volatile components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (with cyclohexanone as the internal standard), and a mixed emulsi-system of Tween 80 and Span 80 was selected to investigate the effects of pH, ionic strength, and water content on the of the emulsion. The results showed that a total of 37 volatile compounds were detected in the pepper oleoresin, mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, among which β-caryophyllene (210.83 mg/mL) had a relatively high content. The ideal value of the mixed emulsifier was approximately 11. Under the conditions of pH 8.0-9.0, without adding NaCl, and a water content of 95%, the emulsion had a lower particle size and stable physicochemical properties. This study optimized the extraction and emulsification process of freeze-dried green pepper oleoresin, providing technical support for its development and utilization as well as the upgrading of the pepper industry's deep processing.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |