This study systematically analyzed the nutritional composition, active ingredient content, and antioxidant activity of Camellia oleifera Abel. seed cake (COSC) from Yunnan and Jiangxi provinces. The results revealed significant differences in nutritional composition between the two regional samples. COSC from Jiangxi exhibited higher moisture (8.57%), ash (12.31%), and total dietary fiber content (62.73 g/100 g), whereas the Yunnan sample possessed higher levels of crude fat (11.47%), crude protein (12.14%), and total amino acids (0.99 g/100 g). Both samples were rich in beneficial compounds, including vitamin E, vitamin K3, oleic acid, and linolenic acid. The Yunnan sample contained higher levels of mineral elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, and potassium. Regarding bioactive compounds, Jiangxi COSC showed higher total phenolic (3.29 μg/mg) and total flavonoid (66.75 μg/mg) content, while Yunnan COSC exhibited higher polysaccharide (48.32 μg/mg) and tea saponin (222.10 μg/mg) content. Antioxidant activity analysis indicated that Jiangxi COSC demonstrated stronger DPPH radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), whereas Yunnan COSC showed superior ABTS cation radical scavenging activity. In summary, Yunnan COSC is suitable for developing high-protein supplements, while Jiangxi COSC is more appropriate for high-fiber feed applications. Both samples exhibited promising antioxidant activity, indicating potential for functional product development. This study would provide a theoretical foundation for the resource utilization and value-added applications of C. oleifera seed cake.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |