To investigate the effects of close planting and water‑nitrogen coupling on the yield of seed maize and its formation process, a three‑factor orthogonal design was employed in this study, with three irrigation levels, three nitrogen application levels, and three planting densities. The regulatory effects of different treatments on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, yield components, and yield of seed maize were systematically analyzed. The results showed that different treatments had varying effects on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, yield components, and yield of seed maize. Among them, the W2N1D3 treatment exhibited relatively high levels of kernels per row and single ear weight, and achieved the highest yield of 687.95 kg/667m2, which was significantly higher than those of the W3N2D1 and W2N0D1 treatments. It was recommended that in this region, an irrigation amount of 250 m3/667 m2, nitrogen application rate of 15 kg/667m2, and planting density of 85 000 plants/667m2 (W2N1D3) be adopted to achieve both high yield and high efficiency in seed maize production.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |