Since 2018, the United States has adopted means such as "decoupling", "breaking supply chains", and "de-Sinicization" to block and suppress China's industrial technology upgrading, especially in the high-end chip manufacturing field. This has put China in a "chokepoint" dilemma. Against this backdrop, China has still achieved key technological breakthroughs in the chip field, as demonstrated by the release of the Huawei Mate60 series of mobile phones. Although previous studies have focused on tackling core and key technologies, most of them concentrated on problem definition and approaches, lacking empirical research on digital-enabled technological innovation. This study focuses on issues that urgently need to be explored, such as how enterprises can use digital technologies to achieve technological breakthroughs in an environment where "broken supply chains" coexist with the digital economy, what open-innovation measures to take, the specific role of digital technologies in this process, and the extent to which they promote technological breakthroughs.

Taking A-share listed companies as samples, 20 cases were structurally sampled from chip and semiconductor component concept stocks according to the requirements of theoretical saturation. In-depth research was conducted on 12 enterprises significantly affected by "broken supply chains", and based on the logic of replicative co-occurrence, 4 typical cases with similar chip-manufacturing links were determined, covering enterprises in fields such as integrated circuit manufacturing, chip processing equipment, fiber lasers, and radio-frequency integrated circuits, to highlight the causal relationship between "broken supply chains" and technological breakthroughs.

Data was collected by analyzing second-hand data such as annual reports, official websites, and public reports of typical case enterprises, as well as through interviews from multiple parties. The data analysis followed a process of dialogue with theory. First, the theoretical fields of systematic emergence theory, open innovation, and digital technology/platform were determined. Then, key information was extracted from the cases and summarized into first-order codes, which were verified through multiple channels. Subsequently, the first-order codes were clustered into second-order codes in combination with the theory. The authors independently coded and discussed to ensure theoretical consistency. Finally, the relationship between the codes and the theory was reviewed and iteratively adjusted, and discussions were also held with industry managers to ensure compliance with the original intention of the theory. Ultimately, nine first-order code categories and four second-order codes were obtained to reflect the open-innovation and digital-enabling mechanisms.

The main findings of this study can be summarized in three aspects. Firstly, discovery of Open-Innovation Approaches under the Impact of "Broken Supply Chains": "Decoupling" has prompted enterprises to respond actively, with active open innovation. Vertical resource integration is manifested in standardizing supplier management, expanding the business chain, and strengthening cooperative relationships to achieve close technological cooperation. Horizontal resource integration includes strategic cooperation with universities, participation in industry standard-setting, and cooperation with internationally advantageous enterprises. For example, Company C rebuilt its supply chain, and Company B collaborated with universities to tackle key etching machine technologies, indicating that "decoupling" breaks the restrictions on knowledge flow and promotes technological innovation and the reconstruction of the supply-chain system.

Secondly, discovery of the Digital-Enabling Mechanism in Open Innovation: The digital-enabling of digital technology is reflected in the advantages of information processing and the trust-strengthening mechanism, promoting information sharing and collaboration across the entire industrial chain. For example, Company A participated in standard-setting, and Company B used blockchain to share knowledge. The digital-enabling of digital platforms depends on technological enabling and has advantages such as low cost, achieving information connectivity and resource integration and expansion. For example, the platform of Company A connected the industrial chain to improve efficiency. Digital technology also accurately matches the flow of knowledge. For example, the platform of Company B provides diversified services to promote systematic emergence.

Thirdly, discovery of the Impact of Enterprise Heterogeneity: Relative technological advantages and enterprise size significantly affect enterprise performance. Companies A and B, with advanced technologies, are outstanding in platform ecosystems and standard alliances. Technology affects the improvement of the platform and the right to speak. The large-scale Company A uses digital technology to improve efficiency, reflecting the moderating role of scale in systematic emergence. Companies C and D are small-scale and have less advanced technologies, but Company C's horizontal integration and Company D's vertical integration have both promoted innovation, indicating that different relationship paths have a positive impact on systematic emergence.

Regarding the issue of systematic technological breakthroughs, by integrating the characteristics of the digital economy era, this study deeply analyzes the technological breakthrough and digital-enabling mechanisms under the impact of "broken supply chains", differentiates the moderating effects of characteristic variables such as enterprise technological advantages and scale, combines open innovation, digital enabling, and enterprise characteristics to construct a theoretical model, filling the gaps in previous research on the internal mechanisms of digital enabling and the role of enterprise characteristics, and providing a new perspective and theoretical support for related research.

At the industrial level, efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of digital infrastructure and the application of general digital technologies, promote policies to support information sharing and collaborative innovation in the industrial chain, and create a good industrial digital ecosystem to help enterprises achieve technological breakthroughs. At the enterprise level, enterprises should be encouraged to strengthen the construction of digital platforms. Large enterprises should play a demonstrative and leading role in exploring digital transformation paths, drive the coordinated development of small and medium-sized enterprises, use digital technologies to optimize supply-chain and knowledge-base management, improve innovation capabilities and efficiency, and respond to external shocks to achieve technological upgrading.

With the rapid development of the digital economy and the increasing challenges of digital governance, exploring the impact of digital regulation on corporate digital innovation is of critical importance for promoting the sustainable and healthy development of the digital economy. Using data from Chinese listed companies from 2012 to 2023, this study theoretically analyzes and empirically examines the impact of digital regulation on corporate digital innovation and its underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal that digital regulation significantly promotes corporate digital innovation, with this effect being more pronounced in firms located in provincial capitals, non-high-tech firms, and private enterprises. Mechanism tests indicate that digital regulation fosters corporate digital innovation by strengthening digital intellectual property protection, facilitating data element circulation, and enhancing digital security governance. Further analysis shows that digital regulation drives innovation in digital production/service processes. However, its effect on advancing core technological innovations remains limited. The conclusions provide a valuable reference framework for formulating and improving digital regulation policies and offer important insights for enterprises seeking to advance their digital innovation practices.

Quantum computing, based on the fundamental principles of quantum superposition, entanglement, interference, and quantum supremacy, features characteristics such as computational power leaps, uncertainty and probabilistic nature, and reversible computation. It demonstrates enormous potential in fields like cryptography breaking, large-scale data analysis, military simulation, and critical infrastructure protection. Starting from the basic principles and technical attributes of quantum computing, this paper systematically analyzes its multidimensional impacts on information security, national security, and market order: on one hand, the capability of large number factorization and quantum search algorithms threatens existing encryption systems and data privacy, potentially leading to retrospective privacy breaches and critical facility paralysis; on the other hand, the quantum computing power race and its dual-use nature trigger dual risks of international competition and arms control dysfunction, while also creating potential crises of market monopoly and unbalanced fair competition. In response, a comprehensive governance framework can be constructed from three levels: legislative regulation, regulatory innovation, and international coordination. This includes revising existing security legislation and establishing specialized quantum technology laws to form hierarchical security control benchmarks; combining risk assessment, quantum technology review, and multi-level collaborative regulatory mechanisms to refine market entry, in-process supervision, and emergency response procedures; and advocating unified standards and multilateral cooperation at the international level to prevent quantum hegemony and computing power monopoly. Meanwhile, the development of quantum ethics norms and talent cultivation systems should be promoted to balance technological innovation with social responsibility, thereby laying a solid legal foundation for the healthy and sustainable development of quantum computing while safeguarding national security and public interests.

With the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, ensuring the privacy of user data has become a significant research concern. Enterprises establish privacy policies to safeguard user data privacy. However, most of these policies exhibit several weaknesses, such as lack of transparency, opacity, unfairness, low practicality, and timeliness. Furthermore, they often overlook predictive private information provided by users. Consequently, these privacy policies are ineffective in protecting acquired privacy and may inadvertently violate predictive privacy, contradictory to their original intent, creating a privacy policy paradox. Drawing upon the human-centered AI framework, we suggest the development of human-centered privacy policies to address the challenges posed by current privacy policies effectively and ensure the data privacy security of users.

Based on the agenda setting theory and technology acceptance model, this research utilizes deep learning text analysis method to explore the state, causes and effective road to construct metaverse public cognition from the two levels of information transmission and reception. By analyzing the metaverse news and user’s comments data from 2021-2023, this research reveals the meta-cosmic agenda communication is a game involving multiple agents, and the secondary communication of information by opinion leaders dominates the formation of public emotional cognition. The content of the media agenda does not coincide with the focus of public comment and contrary to the news, the sentiment of user comments is negative, which is due to the interaction of multiple external variables such as policy culture, which affect the perception of technological usefulness and ease of use. This paper analyzes the “user element” of meta-universe from multiple angles and at a deep level, which provides reference for the new quality productivity forces integration of meta-universe innovation and development, meta-universe policy formulation, product innovation and content publicity.

The large language model is highland of global technological competition and engine for economic development. As new innovation paradigm emerging in the digital economy era, exploring the mechanism and path of context driven innovation in the industrial architecture of large language model has important theoretical value and practical significance for solving major application and industrialization problems and better supporting high-quality economic development. Based on the theory of context driven innovation, exploring the connotation, core elements, and process mechanisms of context driven innovation in the industrial architecture of large language model industries. It summarizes the specific practical path of context driven innovation in the industrial architecture of large language industries, and verifies and concretizes the practical path through multiple case analyses. It has been found that under the context driven innovation paradigm, the mechanism of innovation in large language model industry architecture can be summarized into four key links: major mission and strategic traction, scenario identification and classification, industrial architecture innovation process, and innovation effects; The innovation of large language model industry architecture under the context driven innovation paradigm covers the systematic integration of technological architecture, the dual transformation of organizational architecture, and the integration of industrial chain architecture. The research results provide important theoretical basis and practical guidance for promoting the higher-level application of large language model and better supporting the high-quality development of the digital economy.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated immense potential in the scientific domain. AI for Science (AI4S) is rapidly advancing and gaining widespread adoption, driving a comprehensive transformation in scientific research paradigms. However, the characteristics and mechanisms of AI4S in empowering scientific innovation remain unclear, and its strategic direction has yet to be systematically planned. Focusing on the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry-winning projects, AlphaFold and Rosetta, this study employs a comparative case analysis to examine the distinct features and mechanisms of AI-enabled scientific research. It proposes two AI4S empowering models: "AI+" and "+AI." From the perspective of knowledge production modes, the study further analyzes the knowledge production characteristics of these two models. It identifies the emergence of "intelligence" as a fifth major actor in the "AI+" model, with knowledge production exhibiting traits of growth, independence, collaboration, and platformization. Additionally, the "AI+" and "+AI" models each have their own suitable application scenarios and frameworks. Finally, this paper offers policy recommendations, including differentiated strategies for AI+ and +AI, prioritizing small-model development, and advancing infrastructure construction. These findings contribute to both AI4S-related research and knowledge production mode theory, while also providing insights for China's development of the AI industry, exploration of AI applications, and advancement of AI models.

The development of emerging technology industry is an important way to reshape the international competition pattern, open up new fields and new paths for development, and shape new momentum and new advantages for national development. However, the development of emerging technology industry not only faces the double uncertainty of technology and market, but also faces the challenge and competition of old technology.The combination of creation and then destruction is an important policy implementation strategy of the Chinese government to coordinate the competition between old and emerging technologies and promote the development of emerging technologies. The strategy combination of creation and destruction refers to the policy implementation strategy set that promotes the growth of emerging technologies and gradually replaces old technologies. However, the creation and destruction strategies have their best background conditions, and the optimal combination of policy implementation strategies should be determined by combining the implementation scenarios and characteristics of innovation policies. How to implement the combination of creation and destruction strategies for emerging technology industries has become an important practical policy issue.

Therefore, this study takes the combination of creation and destruction policy implementation strategies as the theme, takes the adoption of innovation policies in China's new energy automobile industry as a case, analyzes the specific process of the Chinese government's promotion of creation and destruction policy implementation strategies, and focuses on the question of how to determine the combination of creation and destruction policy implementation strategies? What are the paths of creation and destruction? What is the logic of the strategic combination of creation and destruction? The research conclusions have practical significance for improving the implementation efficiency of innovation policies.

The findings are as follows: (1) the dynamic adjustment process of combination of creation and then destruction are a discretionary process. In the three stages of "achieve innovative breakthroughs", "achieve commercialize" and "enhance international competitiveness", the Chinese government successively adopted the policy implementation strategies of "creation first", " simultaneous combination from creation and destruction" and "creation from destruction"; (2) The implementation strategy of combination of creation and then destruction requires a systematic realization path. "Creation" includes the layout and cultivation of diversified technologies, the creation of market opportunities for commercialization of emerging technologies and the creation of technological opportunities for innovation of emerging technologies. "Destruction" includes reducing the relative competitive advantage of old technologies, breaking the policy protection space of emerging technologies, and destroying the mainstream technical route expectations and visions of old technologies. (3) combination of creation and then destruction are essentially the government's behavior of intervening the competition between old and emerging technologies by creating and adjusting the policy protection space, which reflects the organic combination of "promising government" and "effective market".

The contributions of this paper are as follows: Firstly, it puts forward a three-dimensional theoretical analysis framework of "goal-setting - strategy selection - implementation path" for innovation policy implementation strategies, which opens the black box of the combination of innovation policy implementation strategy in the field of new energy automobile industry in China. Thus, we enrich the research on innovation policy. Second, it interprets the theoretical logic of the combination of creation and destruction strategies, reveals the coupling relationship between "promising government" and "efficient market" in the development process of emerging technology industries. It can expand the theory of policy implementation, and is conducive to improving the efficiency of policy implementation.

Adopting a spatial perspective on talent policies, this paper constructs a quantitative standard for Chinese urban talent policy, and scores 3308 talent policies in 293 prefecture-level cities. On this basis, by using spatial analysis methods, this paper characterizes the spatiotemporal differentiation and evolutionary processes of talent policies at the prefecture-level in China from 2012 to 2021. Meanwhile, this paper designs an evaluation index system for new quality productive forces in cities, and conducts a quantitative study on the relationship between urban talent policies and new quality productive forces. The results show that: (1) The comprehensive scores of talent policies exhibit a southeast-to-northwest gradient, featuring higher scores in the southeast and lower scores in the northwest. Specifically, the eastern region has maintained a high level of scores throughout, while the central region, despite starting from a lower base, has experienced rapid growth. In contrast, the western and northeastern regions have experienced relatively slower improvements. (2) Based on the analysis of urban types from the three dimensions of "policy intensity-policy objective-policy measure", it is evident that cities with simultaneous progress in all three dimensions tend to expand from the coast towards the inland. Additionally, internal polarization is prominent in the western and northeastern regions. (3) The analysis of urban types based on the three dimensions of "policy instrument-policy link- prioritized talent" reveals that the central region exhibits shortcomings in the use of safeguard policy instruments, while the western and northeastern regions lack adequate development policy instruments. The western region faces notable shortcomings in talent retention policies, while the northeastern region exhibits deficiencies in talent cultivation policies. While regions vary in their preferences for talent types, highly educated talents have universally emerged as the primary focus. (4) In practical terms, talent policies significantly enhance the development of new quality productive forces by leveraging the talent agglomeration effect, innovation-driven effect, and industrial upgrading effect, with distinct heterogeneities observed across regions and policy types. The research conclusions can provide decision-making references for local governments to formulate more practical talent policies. The marginal contributions of this paper lie in: Firstly, it innovatively designs a quantitative standard system for prefecture-level talent policies in China, encompassing three dimensions: policy intensity, policy objectives, and policy measures. This system was applied to score 3308 talent policy texts across 293 prefecture-level cities from 2002 to 2021, thereby establishing a panel database (2012-2021) of comprehensive scores and detailed indicators for China's prefecture-level talent policies. This provides comprehensive and robust data support for subsequent research. Secondly, employing spatial analysis methods, the paper systematically characterizes the spatiotemporal evolution of talent policies at the prefecture-level in China. It presents a panoramic view of their gradient distribution pattern, internal regional polarization characteristics, and the trajectory of spatial center shifts, constituting a valuable exploration into the spatial dynamics of nationwide prefecture-level talent policies. Thirdly, it constructs an evaluation index system for urban new quality productive forces and conducts a quantitative study on the relationship between talent policies and new quality productive forces. This research precisely identifies the heterogeneous effects of policies across regions, policy instruments, and policy links, offering new perspectives and evidence for understanding the spatiotemporal evolution and practical effectiveness of talent policies in Chinese cities.

Radical technological changes reveal significant variations in the adaptability of incumbent firms. Existing studies on the factors influencing adaptability often overlook the heterogeneity of technological changes across industries and attempts to discover the marginal effect of individual antecedent variables on firms' adaptability. These approaches have been increasingly critiqued in recent years.

This study investigates the transition within the automotive industry from internal combustion engine (ICE) technology to new energy vehicle (NEV) technology. The salient features of this change are: first, different incumbent firms had different historical deposits before the change, and how they treat their historical legacy will affect their ability to successfully adapt to technological change. Second, the ICE power technology as the core knowledge has fundamentally changed, and how the incumbent firms acquire the NEV core knowledge will affect their ability to adapt to technological change. Third, production systems, distribution and service networks are still largely available as complementary assets, and how these complementary assets are exploited will affect the incumbent firm's ability to adapt to technological change.

Based on these characteristics, the study develops a Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) framework that includes seven antecedent variables across three critical dimensions: firm historical factors, organizational structures for new business, and strategies for new business development. Firm historical factors includes whether it was a Sino-foreign joint venture before the transition, its R&D experience and market position in the fuel vehicle era. Organizational structures for new business includes whether it has set up an independent business unit for the new energy vehicle business, and whether it has established new energy technology alliances with other firms. And new business development strategy includes whether it has adopted a highly innovative product strategy, and whether it has adopted a diversified product strategy. The degree of technological transition is utilized as the outcome variable.

Using a sample of 42 automotive industry incumbents, the findings reveal that incumbents can achieve successful transition through two distinct pathways: the "history-constrained" pathway and the "opportunity-oriented" pathway. Firms that adopt a "history-constrained" pathway have a rich heritage (R&D experience, market position), and therefore choose a smaller degree of product innovation (e.g., hybrids) in their new business development strategy and diversify their product offerings to test the new energy vehicle market, which they are unfamiliar with. In order to free themselves from the constraints of a strong legacy business, these firms will set up a separate business unit for new business. Firms that have taken the "opportunity-oriented" pathway do not have a strong fuel-vehicle business, so the establishment of a separate new energy division is not a core requirement. For these firms, the main concern is how to seize the opportunity of the industry's technological transition to ‘overtake’. These firms are less likely to diversify into new products because their traditional business is weak and their ability to invest in new business is limited. Both "history-constrained" pathway and "opportunity-oriented" pathway require firms to be free of joint venture constraints and to acquire core knowledge through new technology alliances in order to be successful. Each pathway is closely associated with the specific characteristics of the technological change under study. While the conclusions do not encompass all possible types of technological changes, they provide feasible pathways for incumbents to achieve successful transition in specific types of technological transitions.