Process model discovery algorithms are capable of extracting process models from event logs, but different algorithms have varying capabilities in handling event logs. Currently, most research on evaluating these algorithms involves indirect evaluation methods, which have limitations. To address this issue, a method was proposed to directly evaluate the reliability of process model discovery algorithms, using reliability as an important evaluation metric. The original event log was preprocessed to obtain an incremental sub-log collection, the process model discovery algorithm was applied to the incremental sub-logs and the original event log to obtain process models, and the reliability of the business process model discovery algorithm was evaluated through quality assessment. Based on nine public simulation event logs and four real event logs, multiple model discovery algorithms were experimented on from the aspects of weak reliability, noise interference reliability, and strong reliability. The experimental results showed that the reliability values of Heuristic Miner, Inductive Miner-infrequent, Inductive Miner, and Alpha Miner were 4, 3.2, 2.4, and 1.6, respectively. Higher reliability values indicated stronger reliability of the algorithms. Thus, the proposed method can effectively evaluate the reliability of the algorithms.

The current safety evaluation standards lack guidance on the alignment design specific to lower-grade highways, such as four-lane and non-standard highways. To address this issue, a method for assessing the driving safety of mountainous highways with low index and complex alignment was proposed. The method involved building a human-vehicle-road system simulation using the CarSIM/TruckSIM simulation software platform, selecting representative car models, and using realing vehicle driving data as simulation parameters to carry out virtual vehicle driving tests. Four categories of indicators, including speed, lateral stability, driver handling, and speed regulation, were used to examine and analyze the compliance of the tested highway’s geometric design, speed coordination, driving operation load, identification of accident-prone sections, and safety of continuous uphill sections. The feasibility of the “human-vehicle-road” simulation method was verified by running virtual simulation driving tests similar to the real-vehicle test, and one four-lane highway and one non-standard highway were selected as examples. The results demonstrate that this method can effectively identify alignment design combinations that are below the limit and inconsistent, as well as road sections with high driver handling loads and poor balance. It can also identify dangerous road sections, corresponding vehicle accident patterns, critical safety speeds, and positions and widths where heavy-duty trucks deviate from the travel lane when passing through hairpin curves. Based on the driving/accident conditions of dangerous road sections, targeted geometric parameter improvement measures can be proposed to enhance the trafficability and stability of vehicles on ordinary mountainous highways with low index and complex alignment, ultimately improving the quality of alignment design and driving safety for low-index highways in mountainous areas.

With the continuous development of modern network information technology, the traditional passive network security defences are static defences that can not effectively respond to new types of network threats and can no longer meet the needs of network security. As the main network defence mean, active defence overcomes the many defects of traditional defence, can effectively respond to unknown network activities, showing strong advantages. Starting from the development process of active defense, the main technologies currently existing in network security active defense were sorted out, and the advantages and disadvantages of the main technologies at four levels, namely, network security intrusion defence, network security intrusion detection, network security intrusion prediction, and network security intrusion response, were summarised and analyzed, as well as the analysis and outlook of its future development direction.

At present, the research on bamboo mainly focuses on large-diameter bamboos such as moso bamboo, and the research and application of square bamboo and small-diameter bamboos are rare. Based on the test method of physical and mechanical properties of bamboo, the mechanical tests were carried out on 111 Zhaotong square bamboo flake samples born in 3~5 years, and the tensile and compressive strength, elastic modulus and other parameters were determined. Based on the experimental data, the intensity probability distribution was determined and its distribution characteristics were verified. Combined with the research results of timber structure and the reliability limit state design method, the strength standard value and design value of square bamboo were obtained, and its feasibility was verified by comparison with moso bamboo, larch and other materials. The reliability index was corrected for the design value of the compressive strength of the grain that did not meet the requirements of the code. The result enriches the database of mechanical properties of small-diameter bamboo, and also opens up a new direction for the further research and application of bamboo.

A new amidoxime small molecule compound was synthesized by oximation addition reaction and the uranium decorporation was evaluated. The changes of endogenous metabolites caused by Uranium decorporation in animals were investigated by metabonomics method, and the related differential metabolites were searched for and their metabolic pathways and mechanisms were explored.The mice were divided into blank group (NG), model group (MG), 0.42 mmol/kg ZnNa₃-DTPA group(YG), 0.21 mmol/kg amidoxime group (CN) and 0.42 mmol/kg amidoxime group (EN), and were injected with positive drug (ZnNa₃-DTPA) and amidoxime compounds in tail vein immediately after the tail vein injection of uranyl acetate and amidoxme compound,the uranium content in the kidney and femur of mice was determined by Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer(ICP-MS) 24 h later. The metabolites in the serum of each group were identified by GC-MS(gas chromatograaphy-mss spectrometer), and screened as potentially differentiated metabolites by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) with variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 1, mass spectrometry database and MetaboAnalyst platform were used to analyze the differential metabolites and their associated pathways. The results show that compared with model group, 0.42 mmol/kg amidoxime compound group decreased uranium content in kidney and femur by 61.70% and 54.74%, and the positive group at the same dose reduced the uranium content in kidney and femur by 60.70% and 40%, respectively.The results indicated that the small molecule compound of aminoxime had significant uranium decorporation. Metabolomic analysis showed that the metabolic profile of the amidoxime group was significantly different from that of the model group, which was closer to that of the normal group than that of the positive group. A total of 14 different metabolites were found after screening, and the enrichment analysis of metabolic pathways showed that the metabolic pathways related to them were mainly tyrosine metabolism. Biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, metabolism of glycine, serine and threonine, etc. The small molecule amidoxime compound has a remarkable uranium decorporation effect, which is better than ZnNa₃-DTPA, and has a protective effect on kidney injury caused by uranium.

A large number of loess landfills have been generated by the Pingshan land formation project carried out in Lanzhou area, which has a large safety hazard due to its low compaction and lack of necessary protection, resulting in the extensive development of geologic hazards such as loess caves, landslides, and so on. The pore microstructure of in-situ loess landfill with different water content was quantitatively studied through scanning electron microscope and Image J software, combined with fractal theory, the pore type, number, area, and change rule of the number of dimensions of the pore of the landfill loess with different water content was obtained, and the dynamic relationship between the pore structure and the wetting of loess and development of the caves were preliminarily analyzed. The results show that: with the increase of water content, the number and area of large and medium-sized hollow pores gradually decrease, while the number and area of small hollow pores decrease, but the area of small hollow pores increase, and the collapse of large and medium-sized hollow pores is the main reason for wet subsidence and deformation of loess; the pore dimension number of landfill topsoil has a linear negative correlation with water content, and a positive correlation with wet subsidence; the average pore dimension number of in-situ topsoil is 1.251, and the average pore structure is 1.251. The average pore dimension is 1.251; based on the characteristics of cave development in loess landfill, it is proposed that the protection treatment should be carried out in three aspects, such as the construction of drainage ditches, the reinforcement of caves, and the protection of slopes. The research results can provide theoretical support for the engineering construction and geologic disaster prevention and control research in Lanzhou landfill loess area.

During the parallel operation of excavation and concrete lining construction in the diversion tunnel, the quality of construction was significantly affected due to the severe damage to the floor concrete caused by heavy truck crush. In response to the challenging problem of floor concrete protection caused by heavy truck crush during the “excavation-lining” parallel operation in the diversion tunnel, a numerical calculation model for floor protection was established using ABAQUS. Adopting the floor protection measure of overlaying “tunnel excavation debris-concrete” composite protection layer, a numerical simulation study on the protection of tunnel floor concrete was conducted. The influence patterns of the material characteristics of the protection layer and the bias distance of the heavy truck on the stress and deformation of the floor concrete were analyzed, and the effectiveness of protection under different working conditions was evaluated. The study results indicated that the floor protection measures could effectively improve the protection of the floor concrete. As the concrete grade of the protection layer increased, the stress and deformation of the floor concrete decreased, with the reduction rate reaching up to 17.5% and 12.4% respectively. Furthermore, as the bias distance of the heavy truck increased, the maximum deformation of the floor concrete increased, and the range of deformation expanded significantly. Moreover, stress growth was extremely pronounced at the edges, with a maximum growth rate of up to 222.6%. The research results can provide theoretical and technical guidance for the protection of the floor concrete against crush damage in the diversion tunnel.

In order to solve the problem of uneven allocation of airspace resources in traditional artificial sectors based on subjective experience, and to meet the needs of today’s air traffic operation, the problem of three-dimensional sectorization in terminal areas was studied by improving Agent method. Firstly, while adhering to traditional sectoring constraints, the objective was to enhance sector adaptability to traffic flows and achieve a reduction and balance in air traffic control workload. Subsequently, the traditional Agent method was improved by using genetic algorithm to determine the location of Agent initial solution, so that it could enhance computational efficiency, designing and optimizing Agent growth rules and spatial filling rules. Finally, using the Shanghai terminal area as a case study, the results indicated that the improved Agent method yields sector planning scheme with respective improvements of 25.84% and 18.54% in sector shape characteristics and adaptability to airborne traffic flows. Simultaneously, while reducing the overall terminal area air traffic control workload, the standard deviation of control workload among sectors was reduced by 53.33% and 36.58%, respectively, compared to the existing and traditional Agent methods.It can be seen that the Research on Improved Agent-Based Sectorization Method provides reference for the local characteristic airspace planning of our country.

China’s offshore wind power sector is rapidly progressing with large-scale and efficient projects. To support large-capacity wind turbines, there is an increasing need for advanced tower structures that offer superior structural performance and economic efficiency. One such innovative solution is the hybrid fiber-reinforced composite materials (FRP)-concrete-steel prestressed double-skin wind turbine towers (PDSWTs) proposed by scholars at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. PDSWTs boast excellent durability, high load-bearing capacity, and exceptional stability, resulting in the potential to reduce production and maintenance costs throughout the service life. A study on the analysis and design procedures of PDSWTs was presented using a tower that supports 12 MW offshore wind turbine as an example, based on the provisions in current design standards and finite element modelling. The results demonstrate that: the tower successfully meets the frequency requirements of wind turbine; the tower possesses high ultimate resistance under compression-bending, shear and torsional loadings of ultimate limit states; the strain, stress, crack width and tower deformation under serviceability limit states meet the requirements of current design standards; furthermore, a simplified method is proposed to check the fatigue resistance of steel and concrete in the tower sections. The result is expected to provide references for the design and application of PDSWTs.

According to the drawing load characteristics of horizontal rectangular anchor plate in red clay foundation, the vertical drawing model test of horizontal rectangular anchor plate in saturated red clay foundation is carried out by using a self-made visual drawing model test system combined with digital photographic measurement technology. The results show that the sliding surface of soil around the anchor shows different shapes with the change of buried depth ratio, but the initial Angle does not change with the change of buried depth ratio. The load displacement curve generally has obvious peak characteristics, but with the increase of the buried depth ratio, the characteristics gradually weaken. When the buried depth ratio is the same, the smaller the length-width ratio is, the more obvious the three-dimensional bearing characteristics of the anchor plate and the peak characteristics of the curve are. The bearing capacity coefficient increases with the increase of buried depth ratio, but the law is different under different aspect ratio. The bearing capacity coefficient decreases with the increase of length-width ratio, and the change law is consistent under different buried depth ratio. Conclusion: For test red clay, the anchor plate can be classified as shallow buried type at least within the range of buried depth ratio 4, and deep buried type if the buried depth ratio is greater than 8. Under the same conditions, under the influence of cohesion and dilatancy, the tensile strength coefficient of anchor plate in red clay foundation is between loose sand foundation and dense sand foundation.