In order to evaluate the development potential of coalbed methane in Yangjiapo block on the eastern margin of Ordos Basin and optimize the division method of its development geological units, the geological, resource, reservoir, hydrological and commingled production geological conditions of No.4+5 and No.8+9 coal seams in the block were described by reservoir fine description technology. By using the analogy method and multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the geological conditions of the Baode block in the north were compared, the difficulties of CBM development in the Yangjiapo block were analyzed and summarized, and the evaluation of CBM development potential and division method of development geological units were optimized. The results show that the resource conditions of a single coal seam in the Yangjiapo block are poor, and the cumulative resource abundance of the two coal seams is 1.08×10⁸ m³/km². The reservoir permeability is good, the difference in physical properties between the layers is small, and it has the potential for combined layer development. Faults have an important influence on the gas content and permeability of coal reservoirs within 300 m, and increase the risk of communicating with roof aquifers. The geological unit division method of coalbed methane development was applied to evaluate the development potential and commingled production compatibility of coalbed methane in the Yangjiapo Block. The six geological development units were divided into three levels of potential areas. It is pointed out that the middle part of Yangjiapo block is suitable for commingled development, some areas in the northwest are suitable for commingled development, and the northeast is suitable for replacement development.

The study area is located in the Dongxiang Volcanic Basin in the middle part of the Qin-Hang mineralization belt, where several gold-lead-zinc (Au-Pb-Zn)-based mineralization and mineralization sites have been detected. Based on the principle of “from the known to the unknown”, combineing the results of physical and chemical exploration, such as the excitation middle gradient measurement and soil geochemistry, the characteristics of the combined parameters of the gamma spectra of Qiaoxi (HS-1) and Oujia (HS-2) was compared and analyzed, it was concluded that the anomaly centers of the characteristic parameters of the ground γ-ray were more concentrated than those of the anomalies obtained from soil geochemistry measurements. It was believed that the anomaly centers of the ground γ-ray energy spectral parameters were more concentrated than those of the soil geochemical measurements, and the F parameters were positively correlated with the anomalies in the K alteration zone, and the N parameters were positively correlated with the anomalies in the Na chemotaxis zone; and it was hypothesized that the HS-2 area has a relatively good prospect of gold polymetallic prospecting. The results provides a new theoretical basis for unit and super-unit delineation of volcanic areas, and proves that in practical work, the geological situation and characteristics of the area was comprehensively analyzed, and the appropriate combination of parameters was determine to indirectly explain the nature or cause of mineralized alteration in the area, which is more instructive than the traditional single-element spectral study.

The Shetianqiao Formation of the Devonian in central Hunan is an important shale gas reservoir in the Taihetang- Guanjiazui area. However, limited understanding of its geophysical and geochemical signatures has hindered the gas reservoir's large-scale exploration and exploitation. A research and development methodology was presented here based on sample analysis and geophysical characterization. Specifically, the method utilized quantification of shale gas occurrence characteristics and distribution patterns in the Shetianqiao Formation using sample analysis and the magnetotelluric (MT) geophysical data inversion technique. The results show that the overall resistivity of favorable layers in the Shetianqiao Formation is less than 200 Ω·m, with a thickness range of 600 to 900 meters and an average burial depth of 0~1 000 meters. Furthermore, the MT method reveals 15 faults and their associated multiplexing segments. It is also confirms that the organic matter in the Shetianqiao Formation is primarily II₂, with an organic carbon content ranging from 0.32% to 3.46% and an average at 0.80%. The average maturity R_o of the formation is 1.78%, indicating a high maturity stage.

In order to enhance the understanding of the characteristics and potential of geothermal resources in the Dunhuang Basin to support exploration and development initiatives, through the application of geothermal exploration techniques and hydrogeochemical analysis, the methods including hydrogen and oxygen isotope testing, Piper diagram analysis, the K-Mg geothermometer, and thermal storage estimation was used to investigate the chemical properties of geothermal water, the recharge source and age, as well as to calculate the thermal storage temperature and geothermal water circulation depth. Furthermore, the potential of geothermal resources in the basin was comprehensively evaluated. The results indicate that the thermal reservoir is primarily composed of argillaceous sandstone, pebbly fine sandstone, and glutenite located in the lower member of the Neogene Shulehe Formation, with the caprock consisting of Quaternary loose rock as well as mudstone and sandy mudstone in the upper member of the same formation. The primary heat source is heat conduction from the upper mantle and deep crust. The geothermal waters are dominated by Cl·SO₄-Na hydrochemical components, with temperatures ranging between 28.7 ℃ and 38.0 ℃ and total dissolved solids (TDS) values varying from 1 146 mg/L to 3 250 mg/L. Isotopic analysis, including δD, δ¹⁸O,³H, and¹⁴C, reveals that the geothermal water represents a mixture of deep groundwater and modern precipitation. The estimated reservoir temperatures range from 39.49 ℃ to 42.75 ℃, and the calculated circulation depths are between 1 020.65 m and 1 268.34 m. These findings suggest that the geothermal resources in the Dunhuang Basin are derived from deep groundwater circulation, replenished by atmospheric precipitation from the southern mountainous regions. The calculated thermal potential modulus of the geothermal fluid is 1.78 × 10⁹ kJ/(km²·a), indicating significant resource potential for future utilization.

A large number of towns in the western mountainous areas are within the hazard range of disaster chains such as landslides and debris flows, making the safety and disaster risk of mountain towns a key focus. The landslide-debris flow disaster chain in Lijie Gully, Lijie Town, Zhouqu County, Gansu Province was taken as a case study. Based on field investigations and remote sensing analysis, surface deformation was analyzed using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology to determine the source of the disaster chain. The RAMMS dynamic model was then employed for the process and risk analysis of debris flows, followed by vulnerability and risk assessment. The research results indicate these as follows. The main subsidence areas within the basin are located at the edge and top of the ancient landslide area above Lijie Gully on the North Mountain, with the main cause of deformation being the seasonal freezing and thawing of soil. Based on the deformation results and remote sensing image analysis, the RAMMS dynamic model is used to conduct risk analysis of the Lijie Gully debris flow under three rainfall frequencies of 1%, 2%, and 5%. The comprehensive evaluation results show that the high-risk area accounts for 70.51%, largely distributed in the loose accumulation surface of the North Mountain landslide, the gully, both banks of the gully, and the accumulation fan at the gully mouth. Based on the risk and vulnerability assessment results, the high-risk area of the Lijie Gully debris flow accounts for 13.10%, mainly distributed in the gully mouth and along both sides of the gully where buildings are located. The large volume of loose accumulation above Lijie Gully is still in a continuous process of creeping-deformation-sliding, providing a large amount of material source for debris flows. The risk zoning results under different rainfall frequencies provide a reference for the disaster reduction of urban debris flows.

Suction anchors are widely used as a foundation type in deepwater environments. Unlike homogeneous soil, the mechanical penetration characteristics of suction anchors in layered soils are extremely complex, influenced by the variation in soil properties and interfaces between layers. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanical behavior of suction anchors during penetration in layered soils. An Euler-Lagrange coupling method was used to simulate the penetration process of suction anchors, and numerical simulations were validated through model tests. The mechanical penetration characteristics of suction anchors in layered soils were analyzed. The results show that, influenced by the mechanical properties of layered soils, vertical stress gradually increases during penetration, forming a vertical stress arch at the anchor tip. The stronger the soil strength, the more concentrated the vertical stress. Additionally, when a suction anchor penetrates from silty clay into silty clay, the mechanical properties of the soil change, causing the side friction and end resistance to increase rapidly. This study, which combines experimental and numerical methods, investigates the mechanical behavior of suction anchors during penetration in layered soils and provides valuable references for deep-water suction anchor penetration in layered soils, offering significant engineering practical value.

Schizophrenia is a persistent mental disorder manifested by significant abnormalities in perception, emotion, and behavior. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying this disorder are still not fully understood. In order to explore the differences in whole-brain causal connectivity between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls in the resting state, a hierarchical degree (HD) index was proposed based on eigenmode method to overcome the inadequacy of node degree measured at a single level in traditional graph theory. It was found that the node degree of the whole-brain causal network of schizophrenia patients reduced. In addition, the most significant changes in in-degree were found in the motor system, whereas the most significant changes in out-degree were found in the default mode system. Higher-order node degree was further extracted and found to be superior to traditional graph theory degree in distinguishing schizophrenia patients from healthy controls based on a machine learning approach, and more accurately predicted positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, suggesting that higher-order network features can be used as biological indicators of schizophrenia. The findings of this paper reveal abnormal higher-order network features of schizophrenia and contribute to the advancement of objective diagnostic technologies for schizophrenia.

In order to explore the deformation and failure mechanisms, as well as degradation characteristics of silt slopes under rainfall conditions, a large-scale slope model test apparatus was designed with silt slopes as the research subject. Multi-sensor internal monitoring and 3D laser scanning technology were applied. During slope instability under a rainfall intensity of 30 mm/h, data on moisture content, pore water pressure, soil pressure, and deformation and failure characteristics at various slope locations were collected. Results indicate that sensors at the slope toe have the fastest response, showing the highest rate of change. Rainwater accumulates at the slope toe, causing horizontal seepage, which leads to rapid increases in moisture content at the toe and lower middle sections of the slope, along with a reduction in soil shear strength. Under rainfall intensity conditions, the deformation and failure of silty slopes initiate at the slope toe, where small-scale collapses first occur. These progressively develop into transverse through-cracks, accompanied by minor-scale failures that extend upslope. Ultimately, these processes lead to overall slope failure. The findings offer theoretical insights to support engineering construction and protection in silty slope regions.

To study the surface deformation law of insufficient mining goaf with thick loose layers after grouting, and evaluate the effectiveness of grouting and filling method in treating strip goaf areas, taking a thick loose layer strip goaf of Daizhuang Coal Mine in Jining as an example, theoretical analysis, numerical calculation, surface deformation observation, and deep rock optical fiber monitoring methods were used to compare and analyze the surface deformation laws of the goaf before and after grouting treatment. The results show these as follows. Under the influence of superposition of strip type insufficient mining in the goaf of thick loose layer, the subsidence of goaf decreases during the active period of surface movement, while the residual deformation increases in the later period, the maximum total subsidence of goaf is 611.8 mm and the residual subsidence is 157.8~288.1 mm by using probability integral method and numerical calculation, the surface residual deformation of goaf has great influence on the proposed high-rise buildings. The cumulative subsidence of the surface in the goaf treated by grouting filling method during observation period after grouting is -5.6~-1.5 mm. The comprehensive analysis of deep distributed optical fiber monitoring and surface leveling observation shows that the subsidence of the overlying rock in the goaf after grouting is less than 1 mm/a, and the analysis shows that the surface deformation after grouting is mainly caused by the settlement of the upper thick loose layer. The adoption of grouting filling method can significantly shorten the movement time of overlying strata in the goaf and effectively reduce the deformation of deep strata in the goaf, calculate and analyze the surface deformation value after grouting tends to be stable, the goaf site is in a stable state, and the grouting treatment effect is good, meeting the needs of high-strength engineering construction. The research results can provide guidance for surface deformation prediction, site stability evaluation and treatment effect detection after grouting in goaf under similar conditions.

In order to reveal the influence of strain rates on the macroscopic failure characteristics and microscopic crack propagation laws of rock, sandstone was taken as the research object, and the uniaxial compression tests and real-time monitoring of acoustic emission information were carried out under different loading rates. The influence of loading rates on the macroscopic mechanical response and microscopic fracture morphology of sandstone specimens, such as strength and deformation characteristics, failure mode and fracture characteristics, was analyzed. Based on the evolution of acoustic emission b value with the loading process, the internal crack propagation laws of sandstone specimens under different loading rates were explored. The research results show that within the loading rate range of 1×10^-5~1×10^-2 s^-1, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of sandstone samples were positively correlated with loading rates. For every 10 times increase in loading rate, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus increased by 2.66 MPa and 0.087 GPa, respectively, while the peak strain decreases by 0.213‰. As the loading rate increased, the failure characteristics showed a trend of gradually transitioning from a single inclined through fracture surface to a cross distribution of multiple fracture surfaces, and the average size of the fragments decreased, indicating an increase in the failure of the sandstone sample. At low loading rates, the microstructure of the fracture surface was mainly characterized by intergranular cracks, while as the loading rate increased, transgranular cracks and intergranular cracks alternated, and the fracture characteristics at the intersection of the cracks were obvious, resulting in large-scale grain peeling. As the loading rate increased, the ratio of stress to peak stress corresponding to the turning point where the acoustic emission b value changes from increasing to decreasing decreased. This indicated that the higher the loading rate, the more likely cracks were to propagate inside the specimen and form more obvious large cracks, leading to more severe damage characteristics and complex crack propagation patterns in the specimen. The research results have important guiding significance for understanding the failure characteristics of engineering surrounding rock under complex stress conditions, as well as predicting the damage deterioration law of the internal structure of surrounding rock based on acoustic emission monitoring information.