The evaluation of expressway network resilience has been emphasized due to significant global emergencies. Utilizing complex network theory and the resilience triangle model, a dynamic system was developed to assess the comprehensive performance of nodes, incorporating local, global, and social attributes. A method for evaluating the resilience of expressway networks was proposed, consisting of four stages: initial, disruption, recovery, and stabilization. Six disruption and recovery strategies (node degree, eigenvector, betweenness, accessibility, social attributes, and random selection) were applied to analyze the network’s performance using three key indicators: the number of independent paths, network efficiency, and network connectivity. A topological map of the expressway network spanning the provinces of Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, and Hebei were constructed, and the resilience changes under various disruption and recovery strategies were analyzed. The findings indicate that in the initial stage, the expressway network exhibits a relatively high number of independent paths, suggesting robust anti-risk capabilities. During the disruption stage, network efficiency, the number of independent paths, and network connectivity decrease by 94.32%, 98.18%, and 99.63%, respectively, demonstrating the network’s ability to absorb disruptions. In the recovery stage, the accessibility restoration strategy, which results in the smallest resilience triangle area, exhibits the strongest resilience, whereas the random restoration strategy shows the slowest recovery rate, indicating that it should be avoided whenever possible. In the stabilization stage, network efficiency resilience is found to be superior to that of network connectivity and independent path resilience in the expressway network of the four provinces. It is recommended that urban nodes with higher degree values, such as Xinxiang and Puyang, be prioritized for protection to enhance the overall resilience of the expressway network.