In order to investigate the water-holding mechanism and infiltration law of modified glutinous rice-based reconstructed soil layer under rainfall, soil column infiltration tests were firstly conducted to analyze the influence of modified glutinous rice-based material dosage variations on macroscopic vertical infiltration patterns of reconstructed soil. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and scanning electron microscopy technologies were employed to investigate microporous structure and water-holding characteristics under different material dosages. Based on the findings, reconstructed soil with optimal material dosage (12.5%) was selected for rainfall slope modeling tests, through which moisture transport patterns and post-precipitation water redistribution characteristics in reconstructed soil layers were investigated.The results show as follows. With the increase of the dosage of modified glutinous rice-based materials, the number of effective pores (mesopores) increases and then decreases, the number of small pores gradually increases and the number of large pores gradually decreases, and the soil water-holding capacity is optimal when the dosage is 12.5%. increases and the number of large pores gradually decreases, and the soil water-holding capacity is optimal when the dosage is 12.5%. Modified glutinous rice-based materials wrap around, adsorb to soil particles, and combine with gravel to form agglomerates, thereby changing the pore structure of the soil, enhancing the soil water retention capacity, and improving the effectiveness of soil water. Under the condition of 25 mm/h rainfall intensity, an increase in slope gradient led to the decrease of infiltration depth of each cross-section, and the infiltration site shifted significantly (from the top to the foot of the slope). The depth of slope infiltration during the entire rainfall period decreased significantly with the increase of slope gradient, and water in the slope was redistributed at the end of rainfall. The average infiltration depth of the slope at 35°, 55°, and 75° was 10 cm, 8 cm, and 5 cm, respectively. This study is significant for improving the technical system of ecological slope restoration and guiding conservation and management efforts.