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The occurrence of natural gas leaks in buried gas pipelines is a serious safety event that can have significant economic and environmental impacts. For large-diameter high-pressure gas transmission pipelines, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to establish a three-dimensional numerical model that included a${1.4}\mathrm{\;m}$diameter pipeline and the surrounding soil, to study the leakage characteristics of high-pressure gas through a pre-set leak hole in the soil. The CFD model considered the soil as a porous medium material, used the Redlich-Kwong equation of state to describe the temperature-pressure effects of high-pressure gas, and combined species transport and turbulence models to study the impact of leak hole diameter and internal pipeline pressure on leakage rate and temperature distribution. The results show that the leakage rate increases with the increase of hole diameter and pressure. When the leak hole diameter varies from 10 to${50}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$, the leakage rate increases by${77.78}\%$. Ambient temperature can cause the soil temperature field distribution to take different forms. When the ambient temperature is low, the temperature-pressure effect produced by the leakage of high-temperature gas inside the pipeline will be weakened. When the ambient temperature is close to the temperature of the gas inside the pipeline, a detectable temperature change area is produced in the buried range of 0.7 to 1.2 m above the leak hole. The research results help to understand the leakage characteristics and temperature change patterns of buried large-diameter high-pressure gas transmission pipelines, providing a theoretical basis for the layout of pipeline leak monitoring optical cables.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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