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The piers of sea-crossing bridge are always subject to the scouring effect of flow and waves. The flow environment around the piers is complex. There is a risk of foundation erosion, endangering the safety of the bridge. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the open-source software OpenFOAM, three-dimensional numerical simulations of the flow field around the inclined oblong pier were conducted with different inclination angles and length-to-width ratios$\left({L/D}\right)$. The results demonstrate that under the influence of wave and current, a symmetrically distributed vortex is formed behind the pier and undergoes periodic changes. The wake vortex constantly strengthens and moves backward as the trough approaches the pier. It reaches the maximum than gradually reduces and dissipates before the crest reaches the pier. With an increased downstream inclination angle, the pier tends to be streamlined, resulting the decreasing of wake vortex intensity and the horizontal load of pier. As the length-to-width ratio$\left({L/D}\right)$increases, the tail vortex area behind the bridge pier decreases and the horizontal load increases. Within the range of$L/D = 1$to 3 and a range of$-{30}^{\circ }$to${30}^{\circ }$, the minimal load on the pier is achieved when$L/D$is 1 and inclination angle is${10}^{\circ }$.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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