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Long-term stockpiling of coal fly ash releases a large amount of toxic and hazardous substances, posing a threat to the soil and water environment. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of the research progress in this field, a bibliometric method was conducted to systematically and deeply visualize and analyze the relevant literature in CNKI and Web of Science databases from the period of database construction to 2023. The results show that the annual total number of publications in this field is generally on the rise. Among them, Chinese scientists have conducted a substantial amount of research in this field, accounting for the highest publication volume, which makes up 18.87% of the total, providing important scientific foundation for subsequent studies. The betweenness centrality of publications from the United States (0.51) is significantly higher than that of other countries, and its research results have greater international influence. The research hotspots focus on contaminants like heavy metals in coal fly ash, investigating their leaching and release patterns under various conditions, and revealing the environmental impacts of contaminants migration from coal fly ash landfills. Based on high-frequency keyword analysis, the composition of contaminants in coal fly ash and the types of contaminants potentially released into the water environment were examined. A systematic review and analysis of contaminants release mechanisms, release regularity, key influencing factors, and the migration regularity of mechanisms in environmental media were conducted. Future research should further focus on the release of heavy metals such as Pb, Cr, and Hg, trace elements like As, Se, and Mo, and specific mechanisms such as F-, Cl-, and $\mathrm{SO^{2-}_{4}}$, $\mathrm{PO^{3-}_{4}}$ during the coal fly ash stockpiling. Studies should explore the release characteristics of these mechanisms under complex environmental conditions, investigate whether synergistic or inhibitory mechanisms exist between various factors, and establish quantitative relationships between mechanisms indicators in the solid phase of coal fly ash and their release into water environment. This will provide a theoretical basis for scientifically evaluating the environmental impacts of coal fly ash and effectively preventing potential threats to water environment.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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