It is greatly significant to make a study of the development of teenagers with scientific research potential for a reasonable cultivation of innovative talents. On the basis of the textual analysis of the applying materials of 98 finalists for the 16th Awarding Program for Future Scientists, the study has found out that there are some common influential factors impacting the growth of the teenagers with scientific research potential, and these influential factors are ranked via frequency as the following: wide interest/hobbies and challenging experience, parental educational and career background, school teachers, the regional innovative environment, instructors influence, and family atmosphere. This quantitative research study further verifies the research framework of the influential ingredients, strenghthens and explores the relevant theory and practice, which might provide reference for the Policy-making.