To develop new-quality productive forces serves as both an inherent requirement and a critical lever for promoting high-quality agricultural development, among which the coordination between digital transformation and ecologization constitutes a key pathway. Focusing on rural science and technology commissioners as the key role, this research systematically explored the profound changes taking place in agricultural science popularization under the background of the digital-ecological collaboration. The research found that the role of science and technology commissioners was expanding from a single technology disseminator to a constructor and guide of digital-ecological systems, an incubator of new business forms and models, as well as a disseminator of sustainable development concepts. However, in practice, they still faced core challenges in technology promotion, including the digital divide, insufficient technological adaptability, data barriers and difficulties in value conversion. Based on this, a ternary interactive analytical framework of “digitalization-ecologization-science popularization (D-E-P) ”, proposing that the effective coordination between digitalization (D) and ecologization (E) must be achieved through the process of science popularization (P) led by science and technology commissioners, and based on a comparative analysis of two cases, the "Smart Edible Fungi" project in Gutian, Fujian, and the “Digital Cultural Tourism Tea Gardens” project in Anji, Zhejiang, namely that science and technology commissioners have been systematically reshaped into constructors and guides of digital-ecological systems, incubators of new business forms, and disseminators of sustainable development concepts. The case evidence revealed two collaborative paths: the “D→P→E” empowerment transmission path and the “E→P→D” value-guiding path, and indicated that the aforementioned challenges present differentiated characteristics under different paths. Accordingly, three policy suggestions are proposed, including constructing a hierarchical and classified science popularization support system, implementing a capacity enhancement plan for science and technology commissioners, and establishing targeted incentives mechanisms, so as to break through the core bottlenecks and provide theoretical and policy references for cultivating new-quality agricultural productive forces.