With the development of science education, History, Philosophy and Sociology of Science (HPS) have become the focus of science education research, the educational value of history of science has captured more and more attention form science education researchers, especially its impact on the nature of science. Science museum is suitable for using the history of science to improve students' nature of science because of its rich resources, but the issue is lacking theoretical achievements. Firstly, the papers put forward the Framework for Activity of Science History Based on Exhibits (FASHBE), which may provide a guide for designing activity of history of science. Secondly, the case of electromagnetic was designed under the guide of the framework for primary school students. The Design-Based Research was applied to implement the case of electromagnetic three iterations so that we can revise it. We also used the questionnaires before and after case at the third implementation to measure and evaluate the educational effect of the case and the framework. The theory, the designing method, and the case are instructive for the design and implementation of the activity of history of science. It is helpful for history of science application in the school and science museum to improve individual's understanding of the nature of science.