Based on the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2022, the principal component analysis and PVAR model were used to empirically test the evolution of the dynamic relationship between digital economy, human capital agglomeration and regional income gap. The results show that there is a dynamic two-way reciprocal relationship between human capital agglomeration and regional income gap, and regional development is promoted in a coordinated manner. The substitution effect between the digital economy and human capital factors is dominant, and the development of the digital economy is not conducive to the accumulation of regional human capital in the short term, which in turn widens the income gap between local and developed regions. In the long run, although the development of the digital economy still squeezes out human capital, it can narrow the regional income gap with its sharing and spatial spillover effect.

To study the impact of digital inclusive finance on the upgrading of marine industry structure, panel data from 11 coastal provinces and cities from 2011 to 2020 were selected. The fixed effects model and mediation effect test model were used to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of digital inclusive finance on the upgrading of marine industry structure. It is found that digital inclusive finance and its three sub dimensions can promote the upgrading of the marine industry structure. The positive promotion effect of digital inclusive finance on the northern and southern marine economic circles is more significant than that on the eastern marine economic circle. Marine technology innovation and human capital play an intermediary role in this transmission process.

Green finance can provide financial support and guarantee for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. A panel fixed-effect model was constructed based on the provincial panel data from 2007 to 2022, with the objective of analyzing the impact of green finance on the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. The empirical results demonstrate that green finance plays a pivotal role in facilitating the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Green technology innovation serves as a partial intermediary between green finance and manufacturing transformation, indirectly promoting the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Additionally, the impact of green finance on manufacturing transformation exhibits regional heterogeneity.

Based on the relevant theories of product packaging design and ecological environmental literacy, the current situation and influencing factors of product packaging design of fruit juice drinks were investigated and studied, and the impact of consumers’ ecological environmental literacy on consumption behavior was analyzed. It is found that the enterprise has taken moderately and creative packaging strategy for fruit juice beverage sales has positive significance in promoting. Different factors, such as gender, urban-rural difference, consumption concept, consumer psychology and advertising content, all have different effects on product packaging strategy. The consumption concept of green environmentalism has a positive guiding effect on product packaging design.

In order to effectively enhance the service quality of airports, the optimal scaling method was employed to conduct a spatio-temporal characteristic analysis of the airport passenger complaint data from the official website of the Civil Aviation Administration of China from 2010 to 2018. The following conclusions are as follows. Regarding temporal characteristics, passengers pay more attention to comfortance during the transportation off-season, punctuality during the transportation peak season, and convenience during the transportation low season. Regarding spatial characteristics, the complaint themes in East China and Central-South China regions are more inclined towards comfort, those in Southwest and North China regions are more inclined towards punctuality, those in Northwest and Northeast regions are more inclined towards convenience, and those in Xinjiang region are more concerned about safety. Countermeasure suggestions are provided to tailor measures to suit local conditions to the specific time and manage the whole process of the dealing about complaints.

With the rapid development of the automotive industry, digital production has become the key to improve the efficiency and quality of automotive assembly production lines. A digital production system scheme for automobile assembly production line was studied and designed. Through in-depth analysis of the existing production system, the production process data was provided for MES system based on IoT system, so as to realize the overall architecture of the digital production system. It was focused on improving the transparency, predictability and flexibility of the production process, with the aim of improving production efficiency, reducing costs and optimizing resource allocation. Through practical application verification, it is significantly improved the digitalization level of the automotive assembly production line. Compared with traditional production lines, labor costs, improves production efficiency is saved, and strong support is provided for the sustainable development of the automotive industry.

Scientific and technological innovation is an important driving force to achieve sustainable and high-quality development and transformation and upgrading of the industry. Taking innovation input, innovation output and innovation support as the main evaluation indexes, an evaluation system of science and technology innovation capability for hardware industry was designed and constructed. Taking the hardware industry of Yongkang in Zhejiang Province as an example, TOPSIS method was used to test and analyze the reasonability and effectiveness of the constructed evaluation system, and an empirical analysis of the four major industries of cup industry, door industry, other daily hardware and tool hardware was made in Yongkang, Zhejiang Province. Corresponding construction countermeasures are put forward. The relevant research results have certain guiding value for the promotion of scientific and technological innovation ability and industry optimization and upgrading of the hardware industry.

It is of great significance to study the overall status and development direction of China’s coal mine intelligent technology for enterprise technology research and development and policy formulation. Taking the patent of intelligent technology in coal mine as the research object, the LDA theme model was used to carry out research and predict the development trend from the aspects of patent measurement and technical theme. The main results show that the intelligent technology of coal mines in China is in the development stage. Patents are divided into 10 technical topics, among which “intelligent mining face” has the largest number of patent applications and continues to increase, which is a hot spot for R&D. “Disaster prevention and control” “intelligent transportation dispatching system” “intelligent video surveillance system” “intelligent centralized control system” “intelligent algorithm”patent applications are relatively large, “geological monitoring” “gas and coal dust monitoring”are growing rapidly, and the development prospects of the above technologies are good. The number of applications for “information infrastructure” is small and has not changed significantly, and the number of applications for “mining special robots” is low, and the R&D and application capabilities need to be improved urgently.

Addressing the issue of how breakthrough innovation alliances in emerging industries dynamically evolve, a system generation theory perspective was adopted to analyze the evolution mechanism of these alliances. A longitudinal single-case study of the biopharmaceutical industry was conducted. Based on the case analysis, utilizing a combined inductive and deductive reasoning approach, a two-stage evolutionary game model was further developed to explore the emergence patterns of breakthrough innovation alliances in emerging industries. The research indicates that leading enterprises, affiliated enterprises, external enterprises and academic research institutions constitute the core layer of these alliances. The evolution of the alliances can be divided into two stages including formation and stabilization. During the formation stage, the distribution of benefits positively influences the willingness to cooperate among alliance members. The cooperation willingness of leading enterprises follows a U-shaped trend with the increasing difficulty of knowledge matching, while tax rate changes have a minimal impact. In the stabilization stage, leading enterprises maintain a stable positive willingness to cooperate, affiliated enterprises are prone to “free-riding” behavior, and academic research institutions shift from an initial brief U-shaped fluctuation to a positive willingness to cooperate. Theoretical support and practical insights are provided for fostering breakthrough innovation alliances in emerging industries from an evolutionary perspective.

In this study, a comprehensive bibliometric method and knowledge graph technology were used to systematically analyze artificial inteligence and labor employment. The results show that since 2016, the number of articles published in this field has entered a rapid development stage. The core research institutions are concentrated in the education industry. There is a significant overlap in the co-occurrence of keywords of the research themes, which are all focused on the keywords of “artificial intelligence” “robotics” “employment”. The evolution of research hotspots goes through three phases, such as technology focus period (2018-2021), impact exploration period (2021-2022) and application differentiation period (2022-2024). The research provides experience for future research on labor force employment in the context of artificial intelligence, and provides strong support for strategy formulation and practical exploration in related fields.