Considering the cross sensitivity of strain and temperature in fiber Bragg grating measurement, two types of sensors based on fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature were developed. After removing wavelength drift caused by temperature, the individual changes in fiber Bragg grating strain can be obtained, which solves the problems of complex design structure and inability to compensate for temperature in traditional fiber Bragg grating sensors. The strain sensing capability and temperature sensing characteristics of the sensor were investigated through stress tensile testing and water bath testing. The experimental results show that the sensitivity coefficient of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is 0.95 pm/με, with a deviation of only 2.05% from the theoretical strain sensitivity coefficient; In the range of 20~60 ℃, the sensitivity of the temperature sensor reaches around 20pm/ ℃, which is 2.2 times higher than that of unpackaged bare fiber Bragg gratings. Compared with the sensitivity coefficient before temperature compensation, the coefficient after compensation is significantly improved, effectively achieving the goal of temperature compensation and providing a more reliable basis for strain monitoring in the field of civil engineering.

In the context of “rural revitalization” and the “dual carbon” goals, sustainable agricultural development has become an important issue and a necessary path for the development of “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers”. Based on agricultural insurance data from 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2020, the entropy method was used to measure the level of sustainable agricultural development and the impact of agricultural insurance on sustainable agricultural development and its mechanism were estimated through a fixed effects model. The results show that the level of sustainable agricultural development in various provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt has increased significantly, with the upper reaches of the Yangtze River showing a higher increase in recent years than other provinces, indicating significant achievements in “source governance”. Benefiting from agricultural technological innovation, Shanghai has a much higher level of sustainable development than other areas downstream of the Yangtze River. Agricultural insurance can positively regulate the level of sustainable agricultural development through adjustments in production structure and factor input.

Taking a closed-loop supply chain composed of manufacturers and retailers as the research object, the impact of different environmental and social responsibility modes on system decision-making was explored. The results show that supply chain members who do not bear environmental and social responsibility can benefit from the environmental and social responsibility behaviors of other members of the supply chain. The environmental and social responsibility behaviors of any supply chain member can effectively improve the environmental and social governance performance of the system and improve the reliability of products. The environmental and social responsibility behaviors of supply chain members will have a profit effect, which can effectively adjust the profit distribution of the system.

The tensile and shear properties of porous rock-like materials affect the safety and stability of engineering. In this paper, numerical models with different number of pores were constructed, and the numerical simulation of direct tensile and direct shear tests were carried out by the DEM to explore the influence of the pore number on the tensile and shear characteristics of materials. The results show that the tensile strength, the ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength, cohesion and internal friction angle decrease in different forms with the increase of the pore number. In addition, under tensile action, cracks are mainly formed along the horizontal direction and are not affected by the number of pores. Under shear action, cracks are mainly formed along a certain Angle with the horizontal direction. The increase of the pore number mainly leads to the decrease of the anisotropy of fracture occurrence under shear action.

In order to further explore the simulation of nanofluid heat pipe, the VOF(volume of fluid) model in Fluent software was used to take single nanofluid (TiO₂-H₂O) and mixed nanofluid (Al₂O₃+TiO₂-H₂O) as working medium. The feasibility of using Fluent to simulate nanofluid heat pipes was comprehensively analyzed from the visualization analysis of evaporation and condensation process inside heat pipes and the results of the overall thermal parameters. The results show that, from the visualization point of view, the simulated nephogram can reflect the phase transition process in the heat pipe with time. However, there is still a 3% error between the specific simulation value and the corrected experimental value, indicating that there are unconventional factors affecting the simulation results. It is feasible to use the VOF model to simulate the nanofluid heat pipe in numerical law and visualization analysis, but it is still necessary to combine other simulation methods to study the detailed principle.

The coordinated development of population and economy is one of the most basic starting points in the study of all population issues. Tuojiang Green Development Economic Belt carries distinct advantages and unique positioning in the construction of “Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle”. Based on regional economics and other theories, taking 6 municipal areas in the basin as the research object, and the effect of population and industry agglomeration from the structural characteristics and interaction mechanism of population and industry agglomeration was discussed. Scientific and reasonable suggestions are provided for the construction of Tuojiang green development economic Belt from the perspectives of industrial structure optimization, regional coordination and green development.

Safety evaluation is an important prerequisite and guarantee for the transportation of dangerous goods. Taking a dangerous goods transportation project in a town in southwest China as an example, the project area was divided into 8 evaluation units, and the safety check list method and fault tree method were used to evaluate the safety, and the main disaster control factors and safety work points were discussed. The results show that the safety checklist method is suitable for the inspection events specified in the specification provisions, and the fault tree method can effectively analyze the cause of the event and the weight of the elements through the minimum cut set and the importance calculation. The safety and security of transportation and loading and unloading operations should pay attention to the standardized operation of personnel, labor protection and safe location of the work area.

A comprehensive review of the research related to geothermal center tubes was provided and their key role were detailed in efficient geothermal heat transfer systems. Firstly, its structural design, such as the influence of center tube type, tube diameter size, tube wall thickness and tube structure on heat transfer efficiency and fluid flow, was discussed to ensure its long-term stable operation. In addition, the influence of material properties, including high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity, on the operation of geothermal systems was analyzed, and the current research status and application examples of centerpipes made of different materials were discussed. Finally, the future development trend of geothermal centerpipe was outlooked, emphasizing the importance of innovative materials and optimal design of manufacturing process in improving the efficiency of geothermal utilization and reducing costs.

Digital economy has become a new economic form to create social wealth, and ESG (environmental, social and governance) as an enterprise evaluation standard highly consistent with the concept of sustainable development has also been widely concerned at home and abroad. In order to meet the needs of green high-quality development of enterprises under the new normal, the relevant data of listed companies of China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share intelligent manufacturing equipment enterprises from 2009 to 2021was selected, and the impact and mechanism of digital level on enterprise ESG performance was verified through regression analysis. The empirical results show that the digital level of intelligent manufacturing equipment enterprises can significantly and positively affect the ESG performance of enterprises, and its impact path is to improve the quality of internal control and reduce financing constraints. The digital level of non-state-owned enterprises and non-heavily polluting enterprises has a stronger positive impact on ESG performance. From the perspective of enterprise digitalization, theoretical support is provided for improving the performance of ESG in Chinese enterprises and promoting the development path of ESG in China.

In order to analyze the impacts of differentcarbon allowance allocation rules of the government on independent remanufacturing, a game model between an original equipment manufacturer and an independent remanufacturer was established based on the grandfathering rule and the benchmarking rule. The impacts of the two different carbon allowance allocation rules on the optimal production decisions, profits, and the environment of the members of the closed-loop supply chain were compared. The results show that the lower sales of new products and the higher sales of remanufactured products under the grandfathering rule are more friendly to environmental protection while promoting the development of the remanufacturing industry. The original equipment manufacturer and the independent remanufacturer can realize a win-win profit in the grandfathering rule when the total carbon quota and baseline carbon quota meet specific requirements.