Agricultural credit is an important driving force for the economic development of pastoral areas, and the lending behavior is also very common among the herdsmen. Some herdsmen even repay the loans by means of “borrowing the new and returning the old”. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the heterogeneous impact of agricultural credit on the income increase of the herdsmen. Using the survey data of pastoral farmers covering the four cities of Inner Mongolia in 2020, the two stage of least squares (2 SLS) was used to test the heterogeneous effect of agricultural credit on animal husbandry. The results show that the promotion effect of agricultural credit on the net income of pastoral households is relatively significant, mainly acting on livestock income and non-livestock income. There is obvious heterogeneity in the income effect of agricultural credit in pastoral households with different micro characteristics. It is better income effect of pastoral credit with higher income level, higher income effect of pastoral credit with rich human capital, and higher income effect of credit in pastoral households with short feeding time is more effective. In the results of the mediation effect analysis, agricultural credit can affect the livestock size of pastoral households and thus affect their income. In view of the above results, suggestions are put forward for further improving the financial literacy of pastoral families in the future, vigorously playing the role of inclusive finance and commercial credit, and increasing the credit support of pastoral families.

Understanding the evolution of the industry-university-research collaboration(IUR) in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone is crucial for promoting high-quality coordinated development in the region. Based on a multidimensional network perspective and utilizing social network analysis, the evolutionary characteristics of IUR collaboration in terms of spatial, technological and innovative entities was examined. The results are as follows. A spatial network has emerged with a dual-core innovation pattern centered around Chengdu and Chongqing, supported by cross-regional connections with first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Technological innovation demonstrates stability in focal technologies, widespread application of dominant technologies and trends in interdisciplinary collaboration. In the network of innovative entities, an innovation pattern dominated by enterprises and supported by universities has initially formed, with the industry-university cooperation model prevailing.

Taking Mengniu Dairy’s acquisition of Miaoke Landuo as an example, the motivation and performance of dairy industry M&A was discussed to analyze the strategic considerations behind M&A and its impact on firm performance. Through literature analysis and case studies, qualitative analysis method was adopted, combined with financial data and market performance, to evaluate the effect of mergers and acquisitions. The results show that Mengniu’s acquisition of Miaoke Lando effectively expands its cheese product line, and improves its market share and brand influence. After the acquisition, Mengniu’s competitiveness in the high-end dairy market has been significantly enhanced, and its financial performance has improved, but it faces certain integration costs and operational challenges in the short term. It is concluded that M&A in dairy industry is helpful to achieve scale effect, product diversification and market expansion, but successful integration and synergies are the key to achieve M&A benefits.

In order to solve the seal failure and string safety problems caused by unreasonable application of prestress on the positioning seal of the injection pipe string in Q Oilfield of Bohai Sea, the wellbore string model of the injection well was established by using Landmark software to simulate and analyze the string expansion during the injection process of well X1 and the mechanical behavior changes of the pipe string after different prestress was applied to the positioning seal. The results show that the scientific application of positioning sealing prestress according to different well inclines can reduce the risk of pipe seal failure. The research results can provide theoretical support for the rational application of positioning sealing prestress to the waterflood string in Q oilfield.

Smart community policy is an important basis for the high-quality development of smart communities. Quantitative research on smart community policies is of great significance to promote the construction of smart communities and improve the intelligent and intelligent level of community governance services. Based on the period from 2014 to 2023, 36 policies on smart communities was issued by the central and local governments, and text mining methods was used to build a smart community policy evaluation index system. At the same time, the PMC index model was used to select 11 representative policies for in-depth quantitative assessment. It is found that eight items are excellent policies, three are acceptable policies, and the average PMC index is 7.26, which shows that the smart community policy formulation is more scientific and reasonable. However, it still needs to be improved in terms of policy nature, timeliness, policy fields and policy content.

Green development and low-carbon transformation is the only way to develop the new quality of productive forces, and it is a profound systematic change, which is bound to have a profound and wide-ranging impact on China’s economy and society. The impact of the performance of listed companies in the low-carbon economy from the dual perspectives of game perspective and quasi-natural experiment of “low-carbon city pilot” policy was explored. The pilot policy promotes performance improvement through three ways, such as mitigating inefficient investment, improving financial status and alleviating financing constraints. Meanwhile, the impact of the pilot policy on corporate performance is heterogeneous across industries and business-age enterprises. Policy insights in the development of low-carbon economy to continue are provided to cultivate and promote new quality productivity, stimulate enterprise innovation, and improve the information disclosure mechanism.

In the context of smart city development, the intelligent transformation of communities, as a critical juncture for the interaction between urban information and residents’ daily lives, has become increasingly significant. Based on 251 relevant articles from the CNKI database spanning 2012 to 2024, bibliometric analysis was employed and CiteSpace6.3.R1 was used to visualize keyword co-occurrences, clustering and emerging trends, thereby the research hotspots and frontiers in smart community development was identified. The findings show that future advancements should focus on five key areas, such as information security, human-centered design, smart elderly care services, sustainability and resilience and equitable public service provision.

Low-carbon transition has become a common choice for countries around the world to cope with the ecological and environmental crisis, and the identification of low-carbon economic development modes has become an academic focus. The low-carbon economic development mode and regional differences were identified among 30 provinces(due to the lack of data, the statistical data mentioned here do not include the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province) in China from 2006 to 2020 by measuring the contribution rate of carbon productivity and carbon emissions. The results show that the overall trend of China’s economic development is to shift from a high-carbon economy to a low-carbon economy. There is a rebound effect of carbon emissions in the improvement of energy use efficiency. Based on the conclusions of the study, the conclusion show that each region should formulate low-carbon economic policies tailored to local conditions. It should pay attention to joint prevention and control and regional cooperation, and make steady progress in promoting the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Based on the survey data of 1 457 farmers in Sichuan Province, the influence of social capital on farmers’ technical fertilization behavior was empirically examined, and the influence of green cognition on farmers’ willingness was analyzed to improve production and their influence on the decision of technical fertilization behavior. The results show that channel trust, social responsibility consciousness and green agricultural technology cognition have a significant influence on the willingness to improve production behavior. Social network, environmental pollution cognition, green agricultural technology cognition and production behavior improvement willingness have a positive influence on technical fertilization behavior, and a significant positive influence on technical fertilization behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the channel trust of farmers, expand the social network of farmers, increase the quality and quantity of information acquisition, improve the social capital of farmers in multiple dimensions, strengthen the green cognition and technical production behavior willingness, and promote the adoption of farmers’ technical fertilization behavior.

The offshore RMB market is not only an important part of China’s great power, but also a long-term demand for China’s financial opening up and an objective need to promote the internationalization of RMB. However, with the acceleration of RMB internationalization, the development of the RMB offshore market faces obstacles such as the slowdown in domestic economic growth, the decline in the yield of RMB assets, the lack of liquidity in the offshore market, and the high external geopolitical risks. In view of the above problems, on the basis of a comprehensive review of the current situation of RMB internationalization, financial institutions was encouraged to innovate financial products, the share of RMB in trade settlement and the scale of reshoring with RMB treasury bonds as the carrier were expanded, and multilateral cooperation and dialogue mechanisms was strengthened, so as to provide suggestions and suggestions for the healthy development of the RMB offshore market.