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Natural contamination tests were conducted on insulators from ultra-high voltage (UHV) converter stations under four typical climate conditions, including extreme arid, semi-arid, semi-humid, humid. The inhomogeneous coefficient characteristics of contamination of the insulators were obtained, and the effects of diameter, layout, and AC/DC voltage on the contamination performance of insulators for converter stations were analyzed. The results show that the equivalent salt density (ESDD) ratio of the top and bottom surface of the insulator from Tianshan station, Lingzhou station, Zhongzhou station and Suzhou station is 1.56, 0.41, 1.26 and 1.45, respectively. Compared with the vertical post insulator, the horizontal arrangement of the wall bushing insulator has a larger area exposed to the rain, and there is obvious washing effect by the rain on the pollution of the insulator surface. The ESDD of insulators arranged horizontally at Lingzhou Station and Suzhou Station is 0.64 and 0.63 times smaller than that of insulators arranged vertically. The difference of AC/DC insulator pollution accumulation is mainly determined by electric field force, pollutant particle size, and wind speed. The AC/DC pollution accumulation ratio of post insulators from Tianshan Station, Zhongzhou Station, and Suzhou Station is 1.12, 0.84 and 0.52, respectively. With the increase of the diameter of post insulator, the ESDD increases gradually. The research results can provide data support for the external insulation design of UHV converter stations in China.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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