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Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharides were extracted under ultra-high pressure, and characterized by FTIR, TGA and ion chromatography for structural composition, thermal stability and monosaccharide components. The influence of pH, solid-liquid ratio (mg∶mL), holding pressure and holding time on the yield of crude Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharides were analyzed, with the extraction process optimized via single factor and response surface experiments. The in vitro hypoglycemic activity of Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharides was investigated through their inhibition against α-glucosidase andα-amylase activities. The results showed that under the optimized conditions of pH=8.0, solid-liquid ratio (mg∶mL) 1∶6, holding time 21 min, and holding pressure 360 MPa, the yield of crude Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharides was 29.31%±0.41%. The four main components of Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharides purified by cellulose column and glucan gel column were arabinose, glucose, xylose and mannose, with a mass ratio of 1.4∶82.9∶10.4∶5.4. Within the mass concentration range of 0.25~4.0 g/L, the polysaccharides exhibited an increased inhibition rate on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity increased along with the increment in mass concentration, showing an inhibition rate of 57.17% and 65.26%, respectively, at a mass concentration of 4.0 g/L.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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