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In order to improve the physicochemical properties of puerarin and enhance its water solubility, membrane permeability and bioavailability, puerarin nanoparticles were prepared by subcritical water-anti-solvent method, and characterized by SEM, DSC, and FTIR. The effect of different factors for preparation of puerarin nanoparticles on the particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of puerarin nanoparticles were evaluated via nanoparticle size and Zeta potential analyzer. The in vitro and in vivo properties of puerarin nanoparticles were analyzed through in vitro release and transdermal experiments. The results showed that under the optimal process conditions of liquid-material ratio (mL∶g) 220∶1, subcritical water temperature 125 ℃, extraction time 20 min, volume ratio of subcritical water to anti-solvent (ultrapure water containing stabilizer) 1∶1, and lactose with a mass fraction of 0.08% as stabilizer, the prepared puerarin nanoparticles exhibited an average particle size of 89.94 nm, a yield of 94.01%. The puerarin nanoparticles gel had a cumulative release rate of 90.0% within 12 h and up to 96.7% within 48 h with the release process conforming to the first-order release model, and a cumulative permeability of 1323.64 μg/cm2 at 12 h. Its pharmacokinetic parameters were improved compared with those of puerarin, with the half-life prolonged and the peak mass fraction decreased.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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