Existing research on digital product innovation mainly focuses on digital-native product innovation. However, the vigorous development of various digital technologies has provided conditions and possibilities for traditional manufacturing enterprises to innovate and design traditional physical products into digital products. Based on the exploratory single case study of Haier Smart Home, the realization mechanism of innovatively designing traditional physical products into digital products was deeply analyzed. The research found that the innovative design of traditional physical products goes through three stages for digital products: "judging emerging digital product design trends-creating digital products -shaping the market's understanding of digital products". By promoting the connection between digital and real, enterprises play the role of digital empowerment and support the digital reconstruction of traditional physical products. The essence of the innovative design of traditional physical products as digital products is the digital reconstruction of the product framework, which is reflected in the process of "frame emerging-frame integration-frame giving". In the process of innovative design of traditional physical products, digital technology plays the roles of environment, component and symbol respectively to support re-examination, redesign and redefinition. The research contributes to theoretical issues in the field of emerging digital product innovation, and provides practical inspiration for guiding traditional entity enterprises to build digital product advantages.

How to take the new industrial green innovation development road has become an important practical problem. The development of qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII) has become an important choice due to the information asymmetry and agency problems between capital supply and demand in the process of green technology innovation. Based on the relevant data of China's A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2020, the impact path and mechanism of QFII shareholding on enterprises' green technology innovation was studied. The results show that QFII shareholding has a positive driving effect on enterprises' green technology innovation, and QFII shareholding significantly improves enterprises' green technology innovation level through enhancing social responsibility and improving environmental protection investment efficiency. Both restrictive and incentive environmental regulations can produce positive regulatory effects between QFII shareholding and green technology innovation. It opens up a new incentive mechanism for improving the green technology innovation ability of Chinese enterprises, and provides a certain theoretical and empirical basis for the reform of China's QFII system and the improvement of enterprises' innovation performance.

Based on the data of CSMAR from 2003 to 2021, the effect and mechanism of globalization on executive compensation was investigated. The results indicate that globalization has a positive influence on executive compensation. Furthermore, the coefficients of interest pass multiple robustness tests. In addition, further research shows that globalization mainly affects executive compensation through the governance of independent directors while the role of market mechanisms is limited. Thirdly, the heterogeneity test indicates that the impacts of globalization on executive compensation are heterogeneous across different industries, such as monopolistic industry and non-monopoly industry, different firms, such as state-owned enterprises and privately owned enterprises. Besides, power executives benefit more from globalization than other people, which means that as globalization progresses, inequality among executives is rising. Our findings provide new evidence that globalization has a positive impact on executive compensation in China, and help enrich the literature in the field of international trade and top income distribution.

As an important component of the "Digital China" strategy, whether enterprise digital transformation can bring positive financial returns has become a key concern in the industry. Using Chinese A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2022 as the research sample, the quantity of digital technology patents held by listed companies was innovatively employed to measure digital transformation. The impact mechanisms of digital transformation on financial performance were meticulously analyzed. It is found that digital transformation can effectively enhance financial performance, and this conclusion still holds after rigorous testing. Financial performance is improved through digital transformation by increasing operational efficiency, optimizing internal governance, reducing operational risks and information asymmetry, and alleviating financing constraints. The higher the degree of transformation for large enterprises, the stronger the promotion of financial performance. Whether achieved through independent research and development or introduction methods, digital transformation significantly promotes financial performance. However, for small and medium-sized enterprises, there exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between digital transformation and financial performance, with the introduction method proving more effective in enhancing financial performance. For companies in financial distress and highly competitive environments, the promotional effect of digital transformation on their financial performance becomes more pronounced. Furthermore, the more favorable the external environment in which a company operates, the stronger this promotional effect becomes.

Meta-analysis, as an essential research tool, has been widely applied in various scientific fields such as medicine, management, education, and psychology. With the continuous development of statistical techniques, traditional meta-analysis has gradually derived a large number of advanced research methods. To help researchers and practitioners promptly capture and comprehend the current state of meta-analysis, it aims to comprehensively explore the principles, applications, and latest developments of meta-analysis. First, the fundamental principles, historical development and operational procedures of traditional meta-analysis was extensively examined. Secondly, advanced research methods derived from traditional meta-analysis was deeply discussed, including Multilevel meta-analysis, meta-analytic structural equation modeling, second-order meta-analysis, causal based meta-analysis and replication research. Finally, the significance and limitations of meta-analysis in scientific research was discussed. In sum, it provides researchers with a comprehensive overview of the meta-analysis, helps researchers identify its development trends and potential problems, and further aims at improving the method to adapt to changing research needs.

Central environmental protection inspector is a major reform measure in the field of environmental protection in China in recent years, which is not only conducive to improving the level of environmental governance, but also has an impact on the decision-making of resource allocation of micro-enterprises. Drawing upon data from Chinese A-share listed industrial enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2012 to 2021, an empirical examination was conducted to investigate the influence of central environmental protection inspectors on excessive financialization of enterprises by using multi-period double difference method. The result shows that the central environmental protection inspector can inhibit the excessive financialization of enterprises. The test of influence mechanism shows that the central environmental protection inspector inhibits the excessive financialization of enterprises by improving the green investment of enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the central environmental protection inspector has a stronger inhibitory effect on excessive financialization of enterprises in enterprises with high financing constraints, executives without public working experience and enterprises in areas with high public environmental concern. The test of economic consequences shows that the central environmental protection inspector improves the performance of enterprises by restraining excessive financialization of enterprises. The research conclusion analyzes the mechanism of macro-environmental policy on micro-enterprise resource allocation decision, which has certain practical significance for achieving a win-win situation of environmental governance and economic development.

Digital transformation has given enterprises new development momentum, which further affects the business performance of private energy enterprises and the achievement of their green and low-carbon transformation goals. Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed private energy enterprises from 2012 to 2021, the keywords of "digital transformation" was collected in the annual reports of enterprises with the help of crawler technology, innovatively portraying the degree of digital transformation of private energy enterprises and empirically examining the impact of digital transformation on the performance of private energy enterprises. The results indicate that digital transformation significantly improves the performance of private energy firms, and this finding remains valid after a series of robustness checks. In terms of channel paths, digital transformation can drive technological innovation and improve operational capabilities, all of which contribute to the performance growth of private energy firms. For different firms, the driving effect of digital transformation on the performance of private energy firms has strong asymmetric characteristics. Specifically, the enhancement effect is more significant for eastern firms, large firms, growing firms, and new energy firms. For the central and western firms and small firms, the performance driving effect of digital transformation is the least significant.

Academic entrepreneurship spans two different environments, academic and industrial. Therefore, academic entrepreneurs often shoulder the roles of scholars and entrepreneurs. Their social capital and perception of role conflicts will have a certain impact on the entrepreneurial process. Based on the theory of resource conservation, the expansion strengthening hypothesis, and the resource-based theory, a model was constructed to integrate the perception of role conflicts among academic entrepreneurs and the inertia of social capital on the acquisition of entrepreneurial resources and entrepreneurial performance. The moderating role of enterprise participation in this process was explored in depth. Based on the empirical data of 394 academic entrepreneurs, and using multiple regression analysis methods to conduct empirical testing, the results indicate that role conflict perception has a significant positive impact on resource acquisition and entrepreneurial performance. Social capital inertia has a significant negative impact on resource acquisition. Meanwhile, resource acquisition has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial performance, and scholars' level of corporate participation positively moderates the relationship between role conflict perception and entrepreneurial performance. The above research results enrich the relevant research on the dual role of academic entrepreneurs from a subjective perception perspective, and also provide practical guidance for scholars who have entrepreneurial ideas or are already in the entrepreneurial process.

The key indicators of product correlation reflecting information friction and social network analysis method was used to discuss the effect of product correlation on the export of differentiated products in China. The results show that higher product correlation degree can weaken information friction and promote the export of differentiated products in China. Under the liberal taxonomy, GVC production activities provide an important foundation for improving the efficiency of technology and information transfer. Under the conservative taxonomy, the difference of classification methods will lead to a "product transfer effect" on the impact of information friction on Chinese exports. Betweenness centrality has a more significant promoting effect on the export of differentiated products in China. It reflects the higher control ability of network resources, the stronger control ability of information transmission, and the greater hub function of network operation efficiency, which is more conducive to the export of products. Geographical distance in traditional gravity model and product correlation reflecting information friction are both important factors affecting current international trade.