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Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients suffering from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) associated with pulmonary nocardiosis (PN) for improving the level in diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods The clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of one patient diagnosed with IPA and PN in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital in January 2017 were reported. Wanfang, CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched, and the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of patients with IPA and PN were analyzed together with this patient. Results This patient was a 66-year-old male. His underlying disease was nephrotic syndrome, and long-term treatment with hormones and other immunosuppressive agents. The clinical manifestations were cough, yellow sputum, fever. Chest CT showed multiple nodules in both lungs. Aspergillus and Nocardia were found in the sputum. The patient was clearly diagnosed as "invasive pulmonary aspergillosis combined with pulmonary nocardiosis". After targeted anti-infective treatment, the patient recovered. Combined with the literature, a total of 24 cases of patient, including 16 males and 8 females, were analyzed; except for one patient who was infected after drowning, the other 23 patients had immunological impairment; all the patients received anti-infective treatment against Aspergillus and Nocardia, and a total of 6 deaths. Conclusions Patients with IPA may be associated with PN, and it is prone to occur in immunosuppressed patients. Attention should be paid to differential diagnosis during clinical diagnosis and treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment may have a positive effect on improving the prognosis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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