Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the common chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and characterized mainly by the deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ), hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and neuronal and synaptic loss. Currently approved drugs can only alleviate the symptoms and cannot completely cure the disease. Stem cells have specific abilities of self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation and reprogramming. In particular, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) developed in recent years have provided a new research strategy for the treatment of AD. The combination of iPSCs technology with gene editing,3D-like organs, and biomaterial scaffolds has resulted in a new approach to the recognition and treatment of AD. This review mainly summarizes the latest applications of iPSCs in AD, including the application of disease modeling in the research of pathogenesis of AD and early biomarker detection, the combination of iPSCs and 3D scaffold in cell therapy, and the application of iPSCs in high-throughput drug screening.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |