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Objective To investigate the risk factors related to carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew. Methods With a retrospective case-control study, aircrew admitted in the Air Force Medical Center from January 2016 to December 2019 and underwent carotid artery ultrasound examination were recruited as the subjects. Those ultrasound diagnosed as carotid atherosclerosis(n=110) were set as case group, and age- and sex-matched aircrew with normal ultrasonography (n=110) were as control group. The differences in risk factors of atherosclerosis and flight factors between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew. Results The total flight time and average annual flight time of the aircrew in case group were significantly longer than those in the control group [4700(3015, 6200) h vs. 4050(3000, 5275) h,P=0.048; 168.82(129.79, 200.81) h vs. 147.73(120.26, 185.11) h, P=0.045]. The prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia were higher in case group than those in control group [28.2%(31/110) vs. 14.5%(16/110), P=0.015; 56.4%(62/110) vs. 32.7%(36/110),P=0.000]. The percentage of aircrew without any risk factors of atherosclerosis was lower in case group than that in control group[12.7%(14/110) vs. 21.8%(24/110)], while the percentage of aircrew with ≥4 risk factors was significantly higher in case group than that in control group [12.7%(14/110) vs. 0%(0/110)]. Significant difference existed in the number of atherosclerotic risk factors between the two groups (P=0.003). Logistic regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia and average annual flight time were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew (P<0.05). Conclusion Hyperlipidemia and the long average annual flying time have a significant influence on the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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