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Objective To investigate the effect of shikonin on atrial fibrillation of rats with myocardial fibrosis mediated by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2(ERK1/2)/nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB). Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, shikonin group (10 each). Rats in shikonin group were intragastrically given shikonin 4 mg/kg, in normal control and model groups were given the same amount of normal saline, 1 time/d for consecutive 7 days; Rats in model and shikonin groups were tail intravenous injected with 1 ml/kg ACh-CaCl2 mixed liquor to establish atrial fibrillation model, 1 time/d for consecutive 7 days, and in normal control group were injected with the same amount of normal saline, taken materials after 7 days. Electrocardiogram was used to record the induced time and duration of atrial fibrillation, and the cardiac function was detected by echocardiography. The pathological condition of myocardial tissue was observed by HE staining. Masson staining was performed to detect the percentage of collagen area in myocardial tissue. The protein expressions of Collagen Ⅰ (ColⅠ), ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 were detected by Western blotting. Results The cardiomyocytes were arranged in compact and orderly manner in normal control group, while in model group were disordered, hypertrophic and widened. Shikonin improved the morphology and structure of cardiomyocytes. Compared with normal control group, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) decreased, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), percentage of collagen area, the expressions of ColⅠ, p-ERK1/2, p-NF-κB p65 protein increased (P<0.05) in model group and shikonin group; Compared with model group, the induced time of atrial fibrillation was longer, duration time was shorter in shikonin group, LVEF and LVFS increased, LVESD and LVEED, percentage of collagen area, and the expressions of ColⅠ, p-ERK1/2, p-NF-κB p65 protein were decreased in shikonin group (P<0.05). Conclusion Shikonin may mitigate the myocardial fibrosis, inhibit the occurrence of atrial fibrillation, and improve myocardial function by inhibiting ERK1/2-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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