Exosomes are microcapsules with a diameter of 30-150 nm, which contain such active substances as proteins,lipids, metabolites, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and promote tumorigenesis and development by mediating intercellular communication and regulating tumor microenvironment. miRNAs and lncRNAs are the important components of non-coding RNAs, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer mediated by exosomes. The present paper mainly summarized the role of exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs derived from breast cancer cells in breast cancer progression, microenvironment and drug resistance, the effects of exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs derived from breast cancer microenvironment on the development of breast cancer, and the clinical potential of exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers in breast cancer.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |