Glioblastoma (GBM) is a most common primary malignant brain tumor characterized by rapid growth and invasion of surrounding tissues. At present, the standard methods for treatment of GBM include surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Because the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the delivery of anti-cancer drugs into the brain,novel drug deliver approaches are urgently needed to improve the therapeutic effect of GBM. As a non-invasive alternative route for directly targeting the central nervous system (CNS) disease, nose-to-brain delivery could bypass the BBB and reduce the systemic side effects. Recently, several formulations have been developed for further enhancing nose-to-brain transport, mainly with the use of nanostructured drug delivery systems. The application of nose-to-brain delivery combined with different anticancer drugs or methods in clinical treatment of GBM have been reviewed in present paper.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |