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Objective To summarize and analyze the composition features of large adrenal mass for guiding the clinical treatment. Methods The clinical data of 493 cases of large adrenal mass (≥4 cm), admitted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020, were collected and retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, reason for first visit,operation or not, postoperative pathological diagnosis and imaging data. According to the endocrine function evaluation results,all the cases were divided into functional adrenal masses (n=264) and non-functional masses (n=229), and then, according to the tumor nature, they were divided into benign masses (n=348) and malignant masses (n=145), the spectrum of large adrenal masses were analyzed. Results (1) The mean age was (47.7±14.3) years old. Adrenal incidentalomas is the mainly reasons for first visit (n=289, 58.6%). (2) Of the 493 patients reviewed, the proportion of functional adrenal masses (n=264) was higher than non-functional masses (n=229) [53.6% vs. 46.4%]. Pheochromocytomas occupied the highest proportion among functional masses(65.5%), Myelolipoma occupied the highest proportion among non-functional masses (22.3%). There was no significant difference in age, gender, lesion location and tumor diameter between functional masses group and non-functional masses group. (3) Of the 493 patients, the proportion of benign adrenal masses was higher than malignant masses [70.6% (348/493) vs. 29.4% (145/493)].Compared with benign masses, the tumor diameter in malignant masses group was significantly larger [(73.85±29.84) mm vs.(67.12±26.69) mm, P<0.05]. Pheochromocytoma occupied the first proportion in both benign (32.2%) and malignant masses(42.1%). There was no significant difference in age, gender, and lesion location between the two groups. Conclusions Among the patients with large adrenal mass (≥4 cm), pheochromocytomas occupied the highest proportion and adrenal incidentalomas was the mainly reasons for visiting doctors. Functional adrenal masses were more than non-functional adrenal masses, and benign masses were more than malignant adrenal masses. Malignant masses showed the larger tumor diameter.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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