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Objective To explore the mutation status of KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, and BRAF, and the relations with clinicopathological features and hormone expression levels in ovarian low-grade serous tumors. Methods Tissue specimens (23 cases of common-type serous borderline tumor, 27 cases of micropapillary serous borderline tumor and 14 cases of low-grade serous carcinoma) were collected from the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province during January 2017 to April 2021, and then retrospectively analyzed. The mutation status of human KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF genes were detected by expression status in tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, the relationship was analyzed between gene mutation status and clinicopathological features and hormone expression levels. Results A total of 36 mutations were detected in 64 tumor tissues,including 21 KRAS mutation, 12 BRAF mutation, 2 PIK3CA mutation and 1 NRAS mutation. KRAS and BRAF mutations were common in younger women ≤35 years old. In the KRAS mutant subtype, G12S and G12D mutations are common in micropapillary serous borderline tumor (P<0.05); G12C, G12R*, G12V, G12A, and G13C* mutations are common in common-type serous borderline tumor (P<0.05); G13D mutation was only detected in low-grade serous carcinoma. Patients with BRAF mutations were all seen in the early stages of the disease. Immunohistochemistry showed the positive expression rates of both estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor were 76.6% (49/64). The positive expression rate of common-type serous borderline tumor was similar to that of micropapillary serous borderline tumor, and both of them were significantly higher than that in lower-grade serous carcinoma(P<0.05). KRAS G13D mutation was significantly associated with low progesterone expression (P<0.05). Conclusion Gene mutations were mutual exclusion. KRAS mutation was an oncogenic driving factor in serous tumors, and different mutant subtypes were associated with histological type and progesterone receptor expression status. As the disease progresses, BRAF mutation rate gradually decreased and associated with a variety of clinicopathological features and good prognosis and might have a protective effect against disease progression. The mutation rates of NRAS and PIK3CA were lower.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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