Objective To explore the alternative value of internal jugular vein collapsibility index (IJVCI) and subclavian vein collapsibility index (SCVCI) used to substitute for inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) in volume evaluation under spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation. Methods A total of 100 patients were selected who underwent elective surgery in the Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2020 to August 2021, the cyclic indicators of patients with different respiratory states were compared. According to the cut-off value of IVCCI, the patients were divided into hypovolemic group and non-hypovolemic group, and the cyclic indicators of the two groups were compared under different respiratory states. Pearson correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were used to determine the relevance and consistency between IJVCI, SCVCI and IVCCI. ROC curve was used to analyze the efficiency of IJVCI and SCVCI in volume evaluation. Results Under mechanical ventilation condition, compared to spontaneous breathing condition, the SpO₂ of patients was obviously increased, and heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), IVCCI, IJVCI and SCVCI were significantly decreased (P<0.01). IJVCI and SCVCI in non-hypovolemic group were significantly lower than those in hypovolemic group under the condition of spontaneous respiration (P<0.001). Under the condition of mechanical ventilation, SBP in non-hypovolemic group was significantly increased than that in hypovolemic group (P<0.05), while IJVCI and SCVCI were significantly lower than those in hypovolemic group (P<0.001). Under the condition of spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation, there was a significant positive correlation and consistency between IJVCI and IVCCI (r=0.586, P<0.01; r=0.514, P<0.001), and that a significant positive correlation and consistency between SCVCI and IVCCI (r=0.385, P<0.01; r=0.521, P<0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of IJVCI and SCVCI for the diagnosis of hypovolemia was 0.828, 0.684, and the best cut-off value was 22.2%, 25.4% under the condition of spontaneous breathing. The AUC of hypovolemia diagnosed by IJVCI and SCVCI were 0.701, 0.773, and the best cut-off value was 19.8%, 13.2% under the condition of mechanical ventilation. Conclusion Both IJVCI and SCVCI can replace IVCCI for volume evaluation in different respiratory states, but the alternative value of IJVCI is higher in spontaneous breathing state while of SCVCI is higher in mechanical ventilation state for volume evaluation.