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Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of death from malignancy and the fifth most common malignancy in the world. The development and progression of intestinal-type gastric cancer is in accordance with the "Correa model", in which gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is the key link in the transformation of the gastric mucosa from benign to malignant and is also one of the most common precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, therefore, it is the key to investigate the pathogenesis of GIM and intervene it at an early stage for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is considered as one of the recognized risk factors for GIM. However, GIM cannot be reversed by eradication of HP alone, considering that there may be other factors that continue to play a role in the development and progression of GIM. In recent years, it has been confirmed in several studies that bile reflux can induce GIM, but the specific molecular mechanism by which bile reflux induces GIM is not clear.The mechanism of bile reflux induced gastric mucosal injury, the relationship between GIM and gastric cancer, the research status of bile reflux induced GIM, and the molecular mechanisms of bile acid induced GIM are discussed in this article, aiming to improve clinicians' understanding of GIM induced by bile reflux and provide a basis for the early intervention of GIM and prevention of gastric cancer.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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