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Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are evolutionarily conservative and non-conventional innate T cell subsets, having the characteristics of both innate and adaptive immune cells. They have antibacterial and tissue repair functions,and are the important part of the immune system. MAIT cells are highly abundant in human liver and play a complex role in various liver diseases. Current studies have shown that the markedly reduced number of MAITs and the dysfunction of immunomodulatory effect in various liver diseases were closely related to the occurrence and progression of liver diseases. This paper mainly reviews the characteristics of MAIT cells and their latest progress in chronic viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, and further discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the loss of MAIT cells, so as to provide some references for follow-up research.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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