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Objective To evaluate the usability of tablet-based digital complex figure test (dCFT) software on assessment of drawing strategies of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods A total of 64 patients treated in a hospital from Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021 were selected, including 26 cognitively normal people (control group) and 38 aMCI patients(aMCI group). All subjects underwent standardized neuropsychological assessments, including the mini-mental state examination(MMSE), the montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test, and other cognitive domain scales. And then use the dCFT (including copying and recall) developed by our team to collect drawing parameters, such as stroke length, time, speed and number. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the original and simplified ROCF test scores, and partial correlation used to analyze the correlation between the dCFT parameters and the comprehensive scores of each cognitive domain. Results (1) In the copying test, all dCFT parameters had no statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05). In the immediate recall test, the total thinking time and element delay time in aMCI group were significantly longer than those in the control group [27.15(21.49, 33.94) vs. 21.85(18.26, 24.81), 1.99(1.36, 3.62) vs.1.32(1.03, 1.99), P<0.05]. In the delayed recall test, the transition time of short and long stroke sequence, total thinking time, total completion time, first thinking time and element delay time of the aMCI group were significantly higher than those of control group [1.89(1.12, 3.93) vs. 1.19(0.42, 2.41), 23.94(18.86, 36.87) vs. 19.93(16.59, 23.00), 40.30(34.83, 56.21) vs. 34.52(29.96, 42.15), 7.92(6.20, 9.83) vs. 5.92(5.16, 8.04), 1.63(1.25, 2.47) vs. 1.08(0.83, 1.55), P<0.05]. The first 5 stroke ratios (%), speed of the longest stroke (cm/s) and strokes per minute of aMCI group were significantly lower than those of control group [60(40, 80) vs. 80(60, 100), 4.65(3.53, 6.07) vs. 6.00(4.54, 7.13), 21(18, 25) vs. 26(21, 27), P<0.05]. Other dCFT parameters had no statistically significance between the two groups (P>0.05). (2) Correlation analysis showed that the transition time was negatively correlated with attention and executive function (r=–0.292, r=–0.275, P<0.05); the speed of the longest stroke was positively correlated with the executive function (r=0.302, P<0.05); the total thinking time was negatively correlated with memory, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability (r=–0.26, r=–0.408, r=–0.448, r=–0.264, P<0.05); the total completion time was negatively correlated with attention, executive function and visuospatial ability (r=–0.342, r=–0.429, r=–0.273, P<0.05); the first stroke latency was negatively correlated with memory and visuospatial ability (r=–0.365, r=–0.407, P<0.01); the average element latency was negatively correlated with memory and attention (r=–0.377, r=–0.33, P<0.01); the strokes per minute was positively correlated with memory, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability (r=0.326, r=0.311, r=0.376, r=0.263, P<0.05). Conclusions Visuospatial memory impairment of aMCI patients was presented in 3-minute recall test of the complex figure test, and their drawing strategy was acceptable. But after 20 minutes, the memory and the organization strategy of drawing were significantly affected. Visual perception is not significantly impaired in the process. The dCFT software is a convenient, objective assessment tool for aMCI.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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