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Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with cerebral palsy (CP) who also have comorbid epilepsy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 155 pediatric patients with CP and comorbid epilepsy admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to December 2022. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on CP subtype: spastic diplegia group (n=29), spastic hemiplegia group (n=33), spastic quadriplegia group (n=73), and non-spastic group (n=20). Differences in sex, season of birth, birth weight, gestational age, and the relationship between gestational age and weight were compared among the groups. Additionally, the relationships between perinatal risk factors, MRI classification system (MRICS), gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), and the age of the first onset of epilepsy with respect to CP subtype were analyzed. Results Among the 155 patients, 101 were male and 54 were female. A lower proportion of patients with spastic hemiplegia was observed with a gestational age of 28-31+6 weeks compared with those with spastic diplegia and spastic quadriplegia (P=0.009). The proportion of patients with a history of asphyxia in spastic hemiplegia group was significantly lower than that in the other 3 groups, and the proportion of patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in spastic hemiplegia group was significantly lower than in that both spastic quadriplegia group and non-spastic group (P<0.05). The proportion of patients in spastic quadriplegia group who had their first seizure at an age of <1 year was significantly higher than that in spastic diplegic group (P=0.041). The spastic diplegia group exhibited a higher percentage of white matter damage compared with the other 3 groups, and had a lower percentage of gray matter damage compared with both spastic hemiplegic group and non-spastic group (P=0.001). The proportion of patients with GMFCS levels Ⅳ－Ⅴ in spastic quadriplegia group was higher than those in the other 3 groups (P<0.001), and the proportion of patients with levels Ⅰ－Ⅲ in spastic hemiplegia group was significantly higher than those in spastic quadriplegia group and non-spastic group (P<0.001). Conclusion Significant differences were observed among pediatric patients with different subtypes of CP and comorbid epilepsy in factors such as gestational age, history of asphyxia, HIE history, age of first seizure, MRICS classification and GMFCS levels.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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