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Objective To analyze the characteristics of drug resistance in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, and provide references for the clinical development of individualized treatment plans. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 71 hospitalized patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis treated at the Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2015 to January 2024. The susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from these patients to 16 anti-tuberculosis drugs was detected using the microplate method for mycobacterial drug susceptibility testing. The study analyzed the culture results of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, drug susceptibility test results, initial treatment or re-treatment status, drug resistance, and differences in drug resistance types between initial and re-treated patients. Results Among the 71 patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, there were 51 males (71.8%), and 58 cases (81.7%) of acute disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, with an overall drug resistance rate to 16 anti-tuberculosis drugs of 38.0%. There was no statistically significant difference in the total drug resistance rate between re-treated patients and those undergoing initial treatment [52.2%(12/23) vs. 31.3%(15/48), P=0.089]. The top 7 drugs to which patients were resistant were streptomycin (Sm) and isoniazid (INH) with 13 cases each (18.3%), rifapentine (Rft) and isoniazid aminosalicylate (Pa) with 10 cases each (14.1%), rifampicin (RFP), rifabutin (Rfb), and capreomycin (Cm) with 9 cases each (12.7%). The top 6 drugs to which initially treated patients were resistant were Cm with 6 cases (12.5%), Sm with 5 cases (10.4%), Pa with 4 cases (8.3%), INH, clarithromycin (Clr), and p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) with 3 cases each (6.3%). The top 7 drugs to which re-treated patients were resistant were INH with 10 cases (43.5%), Sm, RFP, and Rft with 8 cases each (34.8%), Rfb with 7 cases (30.4%), Pa and levofloxacin (Lfx) with 6 cases each (26.1%). The overall mono-resistance rate, poly-drug resistance rate, and multidrug-resistant rate to 16 anti-tuberculosis drugs were 9.9%, 7.0%, and 11.3%, respectively; all mono-resistance patients were initially treated; there was no statistically significant difference in the poly-drug resistance rate between re-treated and initially treated patients (13.0% vs. 4.2%, P=0.591), but the multidrug-resistant rate was significantly higher in re-treated patients (30.4% vs. 2.1%, P=0.002). Conclusion Drug resistance in disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis is severe. Clinical physicians can develop personalized anti-tuberculosis treatment plans based on drug susceptibility test results.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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