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Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of local brain tissue lesions caused by abnormal small vessels in the brain due to different etiologies. The pathogenesis of CSVD is not yet fully understood, and its diagnosis currently mainly relies on clinical imaging examinations. Endothelial cells (ECs) in cerebral blood vessels can play an important role in maintaining the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier, regulating cerebral blood flow, and mediating neurovascular coupling. In recent years, studies have shown that ECs dysfunction plays an important triggering and mediating role in the pathological changes of CSVD, and may even be a key initiating link in its pathogenesis. Moreover, biomarkers related to ECs dysfunction are associated with the severity of CSVD. The review summarizes the role of ECs dysfunction in the pathogenesis of CSVD, and the research progress of related biomarkers, aiming to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of CSVD.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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