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Objective To investigate the accuracy and clinical efficacy of 3D-printed patient-specific instruments (PSIs) in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) for the treatment of knee varus deformity and medial compartment osteoarthritis. Methods Clinical data of 69 patients with knee varus deformity and medial compartment ostecarthritis who underwent MOWHTO treatment in Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from October 2017 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: 3D group using 3D-printed PSIs (n=37) and conventional group using standard procedures (n=32). The lateral hinge point error, medial osteotomy point error, osteotomy surface angle error, osteotomy depth error, intraoperative distraction angle, femoral tibial angle (FTA), proximal tibial medial angle (MPTA), knee rotation angle (KRA), posterior tibial slope (PTS), intraoperative weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR), and the last follow-up International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score of the two groups were compared. The correlation between accuracy indicators and curative effect was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. Results The follow-up time for the 3D group was 19-26 months, averaging (21.1±3.6) months; for the conventional group, it was 14-26 months, averaging (23.6±1.6) months. No significant differences were found between the two groups in lateral hinge point error, osteotomy depth error, intraoperative distraction angle, and the FTA, MPTA, KRA, PTS, IKDC score at the last follow-up (P>0.05). However, the 3D group showed significantly lower errors in medial osteotomy point, osteotomy surface angle, and intraoperative WBLR compared with conventional group (P<0.05). Spearman analysis revealed no correlation between IKDC score and aforementioned accuracy indicators (lateral hinge point error, medial osteotomy point error, osteotomy surface angle error, osteotomy depth error, intraoperative distraction angle, and WBLR) at the last follow-up (P>0.05). Conclusions The use of 3D-printed PSIs in MOWHTO offers a more precise advantage in certain positioning parameters, yet there are still deficiencies in determining WBLR. Compared to traditional MOWHTO surgery, the short-term outcome does not show any significant improvement.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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