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Objective To explore the correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 393 patients who attended the Department of Gastroenterology of the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2021 to September 2023. They were divided into gallbladder stones group (n=190) and control group (n=203) based on the presence of gallbladder stones. Their general clinical data, laboratory test results, and abdominal symptoms were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for gallbladder stones. Additionally, the total population was divided into SIBO-positive group (n=239) and SIBO-negative group (n=154), and their clinical characteristics were analyzed by logistic regression to explore the risk factors for SIBO. Results Univariate analysis revealed that gallbladder stones group had a higher rate of age, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glutaminase levels, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gallbladder polyps, and SIBO, as well as a higher prevalence of CH4-positive and H2-positive in SIBO group than control group (P<0.05). In terms of abdominal symptoms, the incidence of bad breath (48.4% vs. 35.5%), dyspepsia (38.4% vs. 28.6%), abdominal pain (30.5% vs. 14.8%), bloating (42.1% vs. 28.6%), diarrhea (20.5% vs. 7.4%), and more exhaustion (46.8% vs. 34.5%) were significantly higher in gallbladder stones group than those in control group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent positive determinants for incident gallbladder stones were age, BMI, FPG, total bilirubin (TBIL), coronary heart disease, gallbladder polyps, and SIBO. Univariate analysis revealed that age, prevalence of gallbladder stones, proportion of single stones, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly higher in SIBO-positive group than those in SIBO-negative group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for SIBO were age, coronary heart disease, and gallbladder stones, while the protective factor for SIBO was high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between gallbladder stones and small SIBO; interventions on related factors of gallbladder stones and small SIBO may help reduce their incidence.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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