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Objective To investigate the improvement effects of homogeneous fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) in mice. Methods Fifteen C57BL/6N mice were divided into control group, CID model group and CID+FMT group according to the random number distribution and remainder grouping method, with 5 mice per group. Control group received no intervention, and their feces were used to prepare fecal bacteria suspension. CID model group was injected intraperitoneally with fluorouracil (65 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days to construct the CID mouse model, followed by gavage with 0.1 ml of saline on alternate days. CID+FMT group was given 0.1 ml fecal bacteria suspension gavage on alternate days for one week, followed by intraperitoneal injection of fluorouracil (65 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days to construct the CID mouse model, with the experiment ending on the 14th day. During the experiment, the mice's food intake and body weight were recorded. At the end of the experiment, the mice were euthanized with deep carbon dioxide anesthesia, and the mice colonic specimens from cecum to anus were collected for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and histopathological examination. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Shannon index, Simpson index and Chao1 algorithm were used to analyze the α-diversity species of the intestinal flora in each group of mice. Similarity analysis (Anosim) was used to perform non-parametric on the inter-group differences of intestinal flora among the mice. Linear discriminate analysis size effect (LEfSe) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) were employed to analyze the intestinal dominant flora and the similarity classification relationships in each group of mice. Results The colonic specimen's length from cecum to anus in CID model group was significantly shorter than that in control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between CID+FMT group and CID model group (P>0.05). The weight of mice in CID model group decreased by 42.04%, while control group mice gained 10.24%, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The weight of mice in CID+FMT group decreased by 8.12%, which was significantly improved compared to CID model group (P<0.05). HE staining results revealed the intestinal mucosal structure in CID model group was severely damaged, with atrophy and deformation, accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration, and the pathological score was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Compared with CID model group, the intestinal mucosal integrity and crypt cells in the CID+FMT group were improved, with less damage, and the pathological score was lower than that of CID model group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The α-diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the Shannon, Simpson and Chao1 indices among the three groups (P<0.05). ANOSIM and NMDS analysis revealed that the intestinal flora in CID+FMT group was closer to the normal intestinal flora compared to CID model group. LEfSe analysis showed that the intestinal flora in CID model group was enriched in famliy_Bacteroidaceae, and the intestinal flora in CID+FMT group was similar to that of control group, with an enrichenment of familiy_Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion Homogeneous FMT can improve the abundance of intestinal flora in CID mice, making it more similar to normal intestinal flora, thereby protecting intestinal mucosa, reducing damage and alleviating the severity of CID.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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