Article(id=1322931609690841491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931549481599694, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.12.019, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1751731200000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-06, revisedDate=1779897600000, revisedDateStr=2026-05-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341074630, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1782316800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341074630, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341074630, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341074630, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322931549481599694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='12', pageStart='2001', pageEnd='2192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1782316800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341060276, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343118019, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940180335829530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931549481599694, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940180335829531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931549481599694, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2138, endPage=2145, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322931610219323796, articleId=1322931609690841491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Application of mobile medical technology in self-management of patients with osteoporosis:a scoping review, columnId=1220689485315101342, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Review Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To conduct a scoping review of the application of mobile medical technology in self-management of patients with osteoporosis,and to understand the intervention duration,functional characteristics,presentation characteristics and outcome indicators of mobile medical technology,so as to provide a reference for future research in this field.

Methods

This paper systematically retrieved literature on the application of mobile medical technology in the self-management of patients with osteoporosis from the following databases:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Database,VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform,China Biomedical Literature Service System,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EMbase,Scopus,and EBSCO.The retrieval period spanned from the establishment of the databases until May 5, 2025.The included literature was summarized and analyzed.

Results

A total of 13 pieces of literature were included.The intervention duration of mobile medical technology ranged from 1 to 24 months.The main functional features of mobile medical technology included customizing and pushing health education knowledge,transmitting patients' health information,feeding back patients' information,regular follow-up,personalized reminders and notifications,etc.The presentation characteristics were personalization,information visualization and dynamics.The outcome indicators were self-management indicators,intervention effect indicators and doctor-patient experience indicators.

Conclusions

Mobile medical technology has played a positive role in the self-management of patients with osteoporosis.Future research could synergistically apply applications,wearable devices and virtual reality technology in the self-management of osteoporosis patients to construct a closed-loop management system of "monitoring,assessment,feedback,intervention",thereby reducing the risk of fractures for patients,improving the quality of life and alleviate the burden on public health.

, authors=Jialu SUN1, Mengzhu JIANG1, Shouxun HE2, Jinhong LYU1, Lina WANG3, Hongru WANG4, Lei HE4, authorsList=Jialu SUN, Mengzhu JIANG, Shouxun HE, Jinhong LYU, Lina WANG, Hongru WANG, Lei HE, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hongru WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322931613151142296, articleId=1322931609690841491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的范围综述, columnId=1220689485482873504, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=科研综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

对移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的应用进行范围综述,了解移动医疗技术的干预时长、功能特点、呈现特点及结局指标,为未来该领域的研究提供参考。

方法

系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EMbase、Scopus、EBSCO数据库中移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的文献,检索时限为建库至2025年5月5日。对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。

结果

共纳入13篇文献,移动医疗技术的干预时长为1~24个月;移动医疗技术的主要功能特点为健康教育知识定制和推送、病人健康信息传输、反馈病人信息、规律随访、个性化提醒与通知等;呈现特点为个性化、信息可视化、动态性;结局指标为自我管理指标、干预效果指标和医患体验指标。

结论

移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中起到了积极作用。未来研究可以将应用程序、可穿戴设备及虚拟现实技术三者协同应用在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中,构建监测、评估、反馈、干预的闭环管理体系,降低病人骨折风险,改善生活质量,减轻公共卫生负担。

, authors=孙家潞1, 蒋孟珠1, 何守勋2, 吕金红1, 王丽娜3, 王宏茹4, *, *, 贺垒4, authorsList=孙家潞, 蒋孟珠, 何守勋, 吕金红, 王丽娜, 王宏茹, 贺垒, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王宏茹, authorNote=

孙家潞,护师,硕士研究生在读

, correspAuthorsNote=
王宏茹 ,E-mail:
WANG Hongru, E-mail:
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authorNames=张雪, 许佳琪, 张四维, journalName=中国护理管理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张雪,许佳琪,张四维,等.移动健康在肠造口患者延续护理中应用的范围综述[J].中国护理管理,2024,24(10):1526-1533., articleTitle=移动健康在肠造口患者延续护理中应用的范围综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931626912653808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=59, issue=17, pageStart=2156, pageEnd=2165, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=26, authorNames=朱忆宁, 赵宇涵, 吴瑛, journalName=中华护理杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱忆宁,赵宇涵,吴瑛.移动健康应用程序在冠心病患者二级预防中应用的范围综述[J].中华护理杂志,2024,59(17):2156-2165., articleTitle=移动健康应用程序在冠心病患者二级预防中应用的范围综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931626992345585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=31, issue=15/16, pageStart=2100, pageEnd=2111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=27, authorNames=Zhang S F, Huang X X, Zhao X Y, journalName=Journal of Clinical Nursing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang S F,Huang X X,Zhao X Y,et al.Effect of exercise on bone mineral density among patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia:a systematic review and network meta-analysis[J].Journal of Clinical Nursing,2022,31(15/16):2100-2111., articleTitle=Effect of exercise on bone mineral density among patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia:a systematic review and network meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627118174706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=471, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=28, authorNames=Stanghelle B, Bentzen H, Giangregorio L, journalName=BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stanghelle B,Bentzen H,Giangregorio L,et al.Physical fitness in older women with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture after a resistance and balance exercise programme:3-month post-intervention follow-up of a randomised controlled trial[J].BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders,2020,21(1):471., articleTitle=Physical fitness in older women with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture after a resistance and balance exercise programme:3-month post-intervention follow-up of a randomised controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627244003827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=57, issue=1, pageStart=120, pageEnd=130, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=29, authorNames=Filipović T N, Lazović M P, Backović A N, journalName=European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Filipović T N,Lazović M P,Backović A N,et al.A 12-week exercise program improves functional status in postmenopausal osteoporotic women:randomized controlled study[J].European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine,2021,57(1):120-130., articleTitle=A 12-week exercise program improves functional status in postmenopausal osteoporotic women:randomized controlled study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627344667124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=4, pageStart=3400, pageEnd=3408, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=30, authorNames=Fu W, Fan J, journalName=Am J Transl Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fu W,Fan J.Intervention effect of exercise rehabilitation therapy on patients with type 2 diabetic osteoporosis[J].Am J Transl Res,2021,13(4):3400-3408., articleTitle=Intervention effect of exercise rehabilitation therapy on patients with type 2 diabetic osteoporosis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627436941813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=735, pageEnd=745, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=Rodrigues I B, Armstrong J J, Adachi J D, journalName=Osteoporosis International, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rodrigues I B,Armstrong J J,Adachi J D,et al.Facilitators and barriers to exercise adherence in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis:a systematic review[J].Osteoporosis International,2017,28(3):735-745., articleTitle=Facilitators and barriers to exercise adherence in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis:a systematic review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627516633590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=108, issue=null, pageStart=104924, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=32, authorNames=Ren Y Y, Lin C L, Zhou Q, journalName=Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ren Y Y,Lin C L,Zhou Q,et al.Effectiveness of virtual reality games in improving physical function,balance and reducing falls in balance-impaired older adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics,2023,108:104924., articleTitle=Effectiveness of virtual reality games in improving physical function,balance and reducing falls in balance-impaired older adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627600519671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=4, pageStart=578, pageEnd=584, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=33, authorNames=梁清洋, 贺玉棚, 韩超, journalName=中国骨质疏松杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=梁清洋,贺玉棚,韩超,等.FRAX评分在中老年人骨质疏松性骨折风险评估中的研究进展[J].中国骨质疏松杂志,2020,26(4):578-584., articleTitle=FRAX评分在中老年人骨质疏松性骨折风险评估中的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931627667628536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=18, issue=23, pageStart=12675, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=34, authorNames=Liu L, Wu F, Tong H, journalName=Int J Environ Res Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu L,Wu F,Tong H,et al.The digital divide and active aging in China[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2021,18(23):12675., articleTitle=The digital divide and active aging in China, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931613910311321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931613918699930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, companyId=1322931613910311321, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, 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Basic characteristics of included literature

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作者发表
年份
国家研究类型移动医疗设备移动医疗
类型
功能特点呈现特点干预时长(月)结局
指标
岳瑞雪等[18]2023年中国随机对照试验人工智能聊天机器人应用程序①②③④⑤个性化、信息可视化12A,B,C,D,E
郑炜豪[25]2022年中国随机对照试验移动医疗平台互联网平台①②⑤⑥⑦⑧个性化12C,F,G
高珞珞等[17]2019年中国随机对照试验移动护理平台应用程序①②⑤⑥个性化3C,H,I,J
蒋莹倾等[16]2022年中国随机对照试验居家护理平台互联网平台①②⑥⑧⑨⑩个性化6C,D,K,L
罗展鹏等[15]2017年中国随机对照试验数字化平台互联网平台①②③⑧⑨⑩个性化24M,N
黄小芬等[14]2024年中国随机对照试验“互联网+”互联网平台①②⑤⑦⑨⑩个性化3H,J,L
杨再海等[13]2024年中国随机对照试验蓝牛医护、慢健康APP应用程序①⑤⑧个性化12C,N,O,P
Jakobsen等[23]2018年丹麦质性研究My Osteoporosis Journey应用程序①②⑤⑦⑧⑨个性化、信息可视化1G,Q
Hunegnaw等[22]2025年澳大利亚随机对照试验Digital Voice
Assistants
应用程序①⑨个性化12F,N
Ryan等[21]2020年美国随机对照试验“Striving”APP、“Boning Up”APP应用程序①②④⑨个性化、信息可视、动态性12H,R
Kim等[19]2019年韩国横断面研究“Fracture Liaison Service”APP应用程序①②⑥⑨⑪个性化、信息可视、动态性
Park等[20]2017年韩国随机对照试验“Strong bone,Fit body”APP应用程序①②④⑨个性化、信息可视、动态性5A,F,H,I,S
Subasinghe等[24]2019年澳大利亚混合研究Tap4Bone mHealth应用程序①②④⑨个性化3M,Q
), ArticleFig(id=1322931622668018133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931609690841491, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入文献的基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者发表
年份
国家研究类型移动医疗设备移动医疗
类型
功能特点呈现特点干预时长(月)结局
指标
岳瑞雪等[18]2023年中国随机对照试验人工智能聊天机器人应用程序①②③④⑤个性化、信息可视化12A,B,C,D,E
郑炜豪[25]2022年中国随机对照试验移动医疗平台互联网平台①②⑤⑥⑦⑧个性化12C,F,G
高珞珞等[17]2019年中国随机对照试验移动护理平台应用程序①②⑤⑥个性化3C,H,I,J
蒋莹倾等[16]2022年中国随机对照试验居家护理平台互联网平台①②⑥⑧⑨⑩个性化6C,D,K,L
罗展鹏等[15]2017年中国随机对照试验数字化平台互联网平台①②③⑧⑨⑩个性化24M,N
黄小芬等[14]2024年中国随机对照试验“互联网+”互联网平台①②⑤⑦⑨⑩个性化3H,J,L
杨再海等[13]2024年中国随机对照试验蓝牛医护、慢健康APP应用程序①⑤⑧个性化12C,N,O,P
Jakobsen等[23]2018年丹麦质性研究My Osteoporosis Journey应用程序①②⑤⑦⑧⑨个性化、信息可视化1G,Q
Hunegnaw等[22]2025年澳大利亚随机对照试验Digital Voice
Assistants
应用程序①⑨个性化12F,N
Ryan等[21]2020年美国随机对照试验“Striving”APP、“Boning Up”APP应用程序①②④⑨个性化、信息可视、动态性12H,R
Kim等[19]2019年韩国横断面研究“Fracture Liaison Service”APP应用程序①②⑥⑨⑪个性化、信息可视、动态性
Park等[20]2017年韩国随机对照试验“Strong bone,Fit body”APP应用程序①②④⑨个性化、信息可视、动态性5A,F,H,I,S
Subasinghe等[24]2019年澳大利亚混合研究Tap4Bone mHealth应用程序①②④⑨个性化3M,Q
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移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的范围综述
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孙家潞 1 , 蒋孟珠 1 , 何守勋 2 , 吕金红 1 , 王丽娜 3 , 王宏茹 4, *, * , 贺垒 4
护理研究 | 科研综述 2026,40(12): 2138-2145
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护理研究 |科研综述 2026 , 40 (12) : 2138 -2145
移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的范围综述
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孙家潞1, 蒋孟珠1, 何守勋2, 吕金红1, 王丽娜3, 王宏茹4, *, * , 贺垒4
作者信息
  • 1河南医药大学第五临床学院,河南 453000
  • 2河南医药大学第二临床学院
  • 3河南医药大学护理学院
  • 4新乡市第一人民医院
通讯作者:
王宏茹 ,E-mail:
WANG Hongru, E-mail:
作者简介:

孙家潞,护师,硕士研究生在读

Application of mobile medical technology in self-management of patients with osteoporosis:a scoping review
Jialu SUN1, Mengzhu JIANG1, Shouxun HE2, Jinhong LYU1, Lina WANG3, Hongru WANG4 , Lei HE4
Affiliations
  • 1The Fifth Clinical College of Henan Medical University, Henan 453000
  • 2The Second Clinical College of Henan Medical University
  • 3School of Nursing, Henan Medical University
  • 4Xinxiang First People's Hospital
出版时间: 2026-06-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.12.019
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目的

对移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的应用进行范围综述,了解移动医疗技术的干预时长、功能特点、呈现特点及结局指标,为未来该领域的研究提供参考。

方法

系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EMbase、Scopus、EBSCO数据库中移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的文献,检索时限为建库至2025年5月5日。对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。

结果

共纳入13篇文献,移动医疗技术的干预时长为1~24个月;移动医疗技术的主要功能特点为健康教育知识定制和推送、病人健康信息传输、反馈病人信息、规律随访、个性化提醒与通知等;呈现特点为个性化、信息可视化、动态性;结局指标为自我管理指标、干预效果指标和医患体验指标。

结论

移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中起到了积极作用。未来研究可以将应用程序、可穿戴设备及虚拟现实技术三者协同应用在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中,构建监测、评估、反馈、干预的闭环管理体系,降低病人骨折风险,改善生活质量,减轻公共卫生负担。

骨质疏松症  /  移动医疗技术  /  自我管理  /  范围综述  /  护理
Objective

To conduct a scoping review of the application of mobile medical technology in self-management of patients with osteoporosis,and to understand the intervention duration,functional characteristics,presentation characteristics and outcome indicators of mobile medical technology,so as to provide a reference for future research in this field.

Methods

This paper systematically retrieved literature on the application of mobile medical technology in the self-management of patients with osteoporosis from the following databases:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Database,VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform,China Biomedical Literature Service System,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EMbase,Scopus,and EBSCO.The retrieval period spanned from the establishment of the databases until May 5, 2025.The included literature was summarized and analyzed.

Results

A total of 13 pieces of literature were included.The intervention duration of mobile medical technology ranged from 1 to 24 months.The main functional features of mobile medical technology included customizing and pushing health education knowledge,transmitting patients' health information,feeding back patients' information,regular follow-up,personalized reminders and notifications,etc.The presentation characteristics were personalization,information visualization and dynamics.The outcome indicators were self-management indicators,intervention effect indicators and doctor-patient experience indicators.

Conclusions

Mobile medical technology has played a positive role in the self-management of patients with osteoporosis.Future research could synergistically apply applications,wearable devices and virtual reality technology in the self-management of osteoporosis patients to construct a closed-loop management system of "monitoring,assessment,feedback,intervention",thereby reducing the risk of fractures for patients,improving the quality of life and alleviate the burden on public health.

osteoporosis  /  mobile medical technology  /  self-management  /  scoping review  /  nursing
孙家潞, 蒋孟珠, 何守勋, 吕金红, 王丽娜, 王宏茹, 贺垒. 移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的范围综述. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (12) : 2138 -2145 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.12.019
Jialu SUN, Mengzhu JIANG, Shouxun HE, Jinhong LYU, Lina WANG, Hongru WANG, Lei HE. Application of mobile medical technology in self-management of patients with osteoporosis:a scoping review[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (12) : 2138 -2145 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.12.019
随着我国人口老龄化加剧,骨质疏松症已成为我国重要的公共健康问题之一[1]。骨质疏松性骨折作为骨质疏松症的严重并发症[2],是老年病人致残和致死的主要原因之一[3]。骨质疏松症及其骨折的医疗和护理造成了沉重的家庭和社会负担。预计到2035年和2050年,我国用于骨质疏松性骨折的医疗费用将分别达到1 320亿元和1 630亿元[1]。然而,骨质疏松症病人的治疗效果缓慢,需要长期坚持治疗[4]。多项研究显示,骨质疏松症病人治疗依从性较差[5-7],而积极的自我管理行为可以有效提高病人治疗依从性,降低骨折的风险,从而提高病人的生活质量和健康状态[8]。目前国内相关研究多聚焦于基于传统措施的干预方法,相对于移动医疗技术来说,耗时、便利性不足及缺乏个性化等问题。而移动医疗技术在疾病自我管理、疾病监测、健康促进等方面[9-10]具有高效、便利及个性化干预的显著优势[11]。但移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的干预方案存在差异。因此,本研究对国内外移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的应用现状进行综述,以期为推动其在我国骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的实践应用提供参考依据。
以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute,JBI)范围综述写作指南作为方法学框架[12]。审查问题包括:移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的功能特点和呈现特点包括哪些?移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的干预时长是多长时间?移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中应用的结局指标有哪些?
根据PCC原则[12]确定纳入及排除标准。纳入标准:研究对象(participants,P)为骨质疏松症病人;概念(concept,C)为移动医疗技术对骨质疏松症病人自我管理相关干预;情境(context,C)为自我管理;研究设计包括质性研究、量性研究(类试验和随机对照试验研究等)及混合研究等原始研究。排除标准:文献类型为会议摘要、研究方案、综述;移动医疗技术干预形式仅为电话、微信简单干预或内容要素报告不详细;无法获取全文;文献语言类型非中英文。
系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EMbase、Scopus、EBSCO数据库,检索时限为建库至2025年5月5日。采用主题词和自由词相结合的方式进行,中文检索词包括骨质疏松、骨质疏松性骨折、移动医疗、移动健康、数字健康、自我管理、自我护理等;英文检索词包括osteoporosis、osteoporosis syndrome、abnormal bone metabolism、brittle fracture、telemedicine、mobile health、mhealth、mobile medical technology、remote monitoring、self-management、self-care、self-management、health management、behavioral change、patient compliance、health behaviors等。此外,通过追踪相关研究的参考文献,尽可能查到详尽的资料。英文数据库以PubMed数据库为例,检索策略如下:
#1 "telemedicine"[MeSH] OR "virtual medicine"[Title/Abstract] OR "mobile health"[Title/Abstract] OR "mHealth"[Title/Abstract] OR "eHealth"[Title/Abstract] OR "mobile medical technology"[Title/Abstract] OR "telecare"[Title/Abstract] OR "APP"[Title/Abstract] OR "digital health"[Title/Abstract] OR "mobile medical care"[Title/Abstract] OR "remote monitoring"[Title/Abstract] OR "wearable device*"[Title/Abstract] OR "AI"[Title/Abstract] OR "mobile phone"[Title/Abstract] OR "mobile application*"[Title/Abstract] OR "mobile app*"[Title/Abstract] OR "smartphone"[Title/Abstract]
#2 "self-management"[MeSH] OR "self-management"[Title/Abstract] OR "self management"[Title/Abstract] OR "self-management programs"[Title/Abstract] OR "self-care"[Title/Abstract] OR "continuity of care"[Title/Abstract] OR "health management"[Title/Abstract] OR "patient compliance"[Title/Abstract] OR "behavioral change"[Title/Abstract] OR "health behaviors"[Title/Abstract]
#3 "osteoporosis"[MeSH] OR "osteoporosis syndrome"[Title/Abstract] OR "osteoporotic fracture"[Title/Abstract] OR "brittle fracture"[Title/Abstract] OR "abnormal bone metabolism"[Title/Abstract] OR "osteoporosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "post-traumatic osteoporosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "senile osteoporosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "osteoporosis,involutional"[Title/Abstract] OR "age related osteoporosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "age-related bone loss"[Title/Abstract]
#4 #1 AND #2 AND #3
将检索出的全部文献导入NoteExperss软件中,去除重复文献后由2名研究者通过独立阅读文献题目及摘要进行初筛,剔除不相关的研究。然后阅读全文,根据纳入及排除标准确定是否排除该研究。当文献筛选结果不一致时,与第3名研究者讨论确定。文章提取的资料包括作者、发表年份、作者所属国家、研究类型、移动医疗设备名称、移动医疗类型、移动医疗设备的功能特点和呈现特点、干预时长、结局指标。
初步检索获得文献1 616篇,通过追溯参考文献获得1篇文献,去除重复文献,按照纳入和排除标准进行严格的筛选,排除研究主题不符、研究对象或干预方式不符、研究内容不符、会议摘要、研究内容重复的文献,最终共纳入文献13篇[13-25]。文献筛选流程图见图1。纳入文献的基本特征见表1。
13篇文献[13-25]均涉及健康教育知识定制和推送。建立病人个人信息档案[14-17,23,25],定期发送骨质疏松相关知识、饮食、运动、治疗建议、预防跌倒指南等。通过广播功能、平台专属模块进行健康教育信息推送,推送信息由平台定期发布或由专科护士进行编辑发送。
11篇文献[14-21,23-25]涉及病人健康信息传输。病人可上传自己的饮食、用药和活动等信息到移动医疗设备上[14,16-17,20,25],移动医疗设备也可以对病人自动进行信息化跟踪[15,19,21],并推送个性化的健康教育信息。
当病人出现情绪性低落语言时,移动医疗设备收集病人的心理状态,并用正能量的话语鼓励病人,讲解病后预后情况,降低病人的担忧与焦虑[18]。有的移动医疗设备在推送健康教育知识中包含心理指导[15],病人可进行阅读。
移动医疗设备根据病人的行为数据生成个性化反馈,并提供规范化和个体性分析[20-21]。岳瑞雪等[18]设计的人工智能聊天机器人可以收集病人的相关疑问并上传数据库,医护人员并及时更新数据库相关信息。Subasinghe等[24]通过电子邮件进行信息反馈。
设备分为病人端、医护端[13,17-18],也分为病人、医护、社区端[14,23,25]:医护端可由医护人员操作,可进行骨质疏松健康教育信息推送,反馈病人信息等操作;病人端即由病人进行查阅相关信息,记录上传健康信息等;社区端:由社区医院护士进行操作,可对本辖区内骨质疏松症病人进行在线监督、收集病人相关信息,形成信息互通。
病人可以通过设备进行线上预约挂号、上门服务、门诊复查、拆药换药及功能锻炼指导、预约检查等[16-17,19,25]。
医护人员将病人相关检查结果上传移动医疗平台,病人可进行查阅相关报告[14,23,25]。Jakobsen等[23]研究中病人在进行骨密度检测后,第2天可通过短信收到检测结果,并可通过移动医疗设备查看详细图表和视频解读。
医护人员通过病人在设备上的记录使用情况或与病人进行问答、给病人发放问卷随访病人的健康信息[13,15-16]。医护人员也可以通过数据自动化传输、远程监控和沟通功能[23],对病人进行精准随访。
移动医疗设备根据病人健康信息自动按时进行服药、饮食、功能锻炼等信息提醒[15,22];也可由病人自己在设备上设置时间进行提醒[14,23];或者通过医护人员在医护端按时发送服药、运动等信息提醒病人[16,24]。此外,移动医疗设备也可以根据病人的个人信息进行动态调整和建议[19-21]。其中,Kim等[19]通过结合智能轮椅的IoT传感器数据(如压力分布、环境检测),实时评估病人跌倒风险,并通过设备发送安全警报。Ryan等[21]通过生态瞬时评估(EMA)整合进行实时数据收集和行为过程追踪。
移动医疗设备根据病人骨折风险分层评估结果及实验室检查结果制定科学抗骨质疏松治疗方案,并根据病人的随访资料不断优化治疗方案[15]。黄小芬等[14]设计的互联网平台是通过护士在医护端与病人进行沟通答疑,病人及家庭成员经线上咨询后可遵医嘱调整干预方案。蒋莹倾等[16]是通过收集病人的髋关节功能得分、疼痛得分、生活自理能力等数据,再结合病人每日上传的功能锻炼视频和用药记录。由专科护士评估后。通过平台发送个性化纠正指导,并整合骨科、康复科及营养科医生的反馈调整治疗方案。
通过智能轮椅集成传感器检测病人坐姿压力分布,识别异常姿势(如身体倾斜、重心偏移);检测轮椅所处环境(比如地面湿度、坡度、障碍物等),通过蓝牙传输数据至应用程序,触发预警,提醒病人或护理人员;记录病人移动轨迹,结合环境数据评估跌倒风险等级。并通过病人端、医护端及家庭端多端协同干预来预防跌倒,降低骨质疏松性骨折发生率[19]。
基于病人的骨密度值[14,17,20-21]、疼痛评分[13,16-18,25]、行为日志[16,20-21,24-25]、骨折风险[23,25]等数据制定方案,通过算法[18,20-21]或人工反馈[14,25]迭代优化干预措施;通过医疗、心理、营养、康复等多学科协同干预[16];根据病人风险等级[13]、依从性[13,15]、合并症[13,16]、药物信息[22]等进行个性化干预。
采用图片、视频或者语音对话形式对病人进行健康教育。比如日晒时间通过“太阳”图标进行标记[20-21],运动康复锻炼内容通过视频呈现[18-21],通过语音对话回答病人疑问[18]。用红、黄、绿三色灯显示病人依从性状态[19],更加直观。图表展示数据结果[23],增强病人对结果的理解。
移动医疗设备通过实时数据收集[21],依据病人行为数据生成个性化反馈;也可以通过病人反馈,动态调整干预信息[19-20];通过实时数据驱动决策,显著提升病人的干预精准度和效率。
干预时长为1~24个月,大部分研究的干预时长为3、12个月。部分研究采用阶梯式降频干预方式[13,15-17]。根据移动医疗设备不同的功能特点,干预频率存在差异。有5项研究[13-17]对病人进行用药、运动锻炼等信息提醒功能是每日1次。也有研究[19,22-23,25]是按病人处方时间点进行用药提醒推送。Subasinghe等[24]是以周为单位进行信息提醒推送。对于健康教育相关知识(比如饮食、运动锻炼视频等)是以周为单位进行推送[16,19,21-23,25],每个月1次电话随访[13,16-17]。
移动医疗技术对骨质疏松症病人自我管理能力[18]、病人健康信念[18,20]、病人骨质疏松认知度[20,22,25]及病人自我效能[17,20]均有积极影响。
4项研究[13,16-17,25]显示,在干预后病人疼痛评分有所降低,提高病人舒适感。研究显示,病人的髋关节功能恢复情况有所改善[16]。岳瑞雪等[18]研究显示,病人疼痛感及髋关节功能恢复情况在干预前后无明显差异,但干预后病人的二次骨折发生率明显降低。郑炜豪[25]研究显示,干预后病人骨折风险有所降低。而且Jakobsen等[23]对病人使用APP后进行访谈,结果显示骨折风险计算功能也是病人使用最多的功能之一。有4项研究[14,17,20-21]结局指标中都包含骨密度值,其中1项研究[20]显示干预前后病人骨密度值差异不明显,可能与干预时间较短有关。2项研究[14,17]结果显示,干预后病人骨密度值高于干预前。蒋莹卿等[16]研究显示,两组病人在干预前后生活自理能力评分没有明显差异,但两组病人的生命质量评分比较差异有统计学意义,这与黄小芬等[14]研究结果相一致。2项研究[15,24]显示干预后病人生活习惯有明显改善。2项研究[13,15]显示干预后病人药物依从性较之前有所提高。Hunegnaw等[22]结果显示,干预后未能显著改善病人药物依从性,这可能与病人基线具有较高服药依从性或药物种类单一有关。杨再海等[13]研究显示,病人腰背功能与抑郁程度均有所改善。Ryan等[21]研究显示,干预后病人骨小梁评分轻微改善,但两组之间没有明显差异。Park等[20]研究显示,病人干预后骨代谢生理指标值明显高于对照组,比如血清钙水平、血清维生素D水平及骨硬化素。
2项研究[14,17]中结果显示,使用移动医疗设备干预后病人护理满意度显著提高。2项研究[23-24]显示,病人对APP使用体验均较满意。
骨质疏松症病人的长期自我管理需要持续的科学指导与行为监督。然而,传统干预模式受限于人力与时空,常陷入院内有效、院外失联的困境。本研究结果表明,移动医疗技术主要通过3方面干预提升骨质疏松症病人自我管理水平。1)个性化干预:移动医疗技术区别于传统健康教育的普适性缺陷,基于多维动态数据可以实现病人个性化方案的制定。岳瑞雪等[18]开发的人工智能机器人可以通过语音分析识别病人心理状态,实时推送个性化心理干预。黄小芬等[14]设计的移动医疗平台可以根据病人骨密度值调整药物剂量,试验组病人3个月后骨密度值优于对照组(P<0.01)。这种基于数据驱动的干预模式使管理效率大幅提高。2)主动防御:移动医疗技术将病人风险管理从被动应对转向主动预警。Kim等[19]基于IoT传感器的智能轮椅,可实时监测病人坐姿压力与环境障碍,在跌倒风险发生前触发警报并推送防跌倒视频。罗展鹏等[15]设计的数字化平台通过分析病人运动习惯,自动推送防跌倒指导。这种预测-预防模式将风险管理关口前移,可以降低脆性骨折发生率。3)连续性管理:移动医疗技术弥补了医院与家庭间的管理间断问题。病人通过应用程序接收用药提醒[15]、上传功能锻炼视频[22]及实时数据传输,医护人员则可以远程监控数据并即时调整方案或定期进行随访。尤其对于行动不便的老年骨质疏松症病人,这种无间断管理有效解决了传统随访的脱落问题。
移动医疗技术有多种形式,如检测设备、移动电话、应用程序及个人辅助健康等移动医疗设备[26]。但本研究纳入的13项研究中大部分都是通过单一的应用程序对骨质疏松症病人自我管理进行干预。研究发现,多手段干预效果优于单一应用程序干预效果[27]。因此,未来可探索应用程序、可穿戴设备及虚拟现实在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的协同应用模式。可穿戴设备可实时监测病人日常活动量、姿势稳定性、跌倒风险及睡眠质量等生理数据。研究均证实,骨质疏松症病人进行适当的运动锻炼可以抑制或改善骨质疏松[28-31],但病人坚持运动的依从性较低[32]。一项纳入23项研究的Meta分析表明,虚拟现实干预可以帮助平衡感受损的老年人克服传统运动障碍,改善身体功能、平衡能力,最大限度地减少跌倒[33]。虚拟现实技术通过沉浸式虚拟环境提供安全、趣味化的平衡训练与力量练习,实时纠正运动姿势,并模拟复杂环境(如湿滑路面、障碍物)以提升病人反应能力,同时提高病人的运动依从性。应用程序则可以接收可穿戴设备及虚拟现实设备实时数据,并进行整合生成个性化的干预方案,提供骨质疏松症相关知识、疾病管理技巧、跌倒预防等相关教育内容;并支持医护端远程监控与干预方案调整。然而,三者协同应用面临技术整合问题,3种设备的数据传输接口差异显著,需建立统一的医疗物联网(IoMT),以实现无缝交互数据;实时数据处理对算法算力要求高,在本地设备端可能引发延迟,而云端传输则涉及病人隐私与信息安全风险。未来研究应优先开发轻量化协同原型系统,例如以应用程序为核心集成基础级可穿戴设备,逐步扩展至虚拟现实模块;同时开展混合方法学研究,评估老年病人的技术接受度,为突破技术应用瓶颈提供实证证据。
移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中取得初步成效,为进一步提升病人自我管理能力,未来研究需着重关注以下方向。1)分层管理:可以参考骨折风险评估工具(FRAX)评分标准[34],将病人分为高中低不同骨折风险人群。针对高风险人群采用高强度干预,而对中低风险人群采用阶梯式降频干预方案。有针对性地对病人自我管理支持,提高干预有效性。2)适老性:骨质疏松症病人以老年人群为主,普遍存在数字鸿沟[35]。因此,在设计应用程序、可穿戴设备及虚拟现实设备时应充分考虑老年人需求,比如APP界面采用大字号界面、支持语音控制、离线语音助手、可视化反馈及情境触发式提醒等功能,提升老年人使用移动医疗设备的依从性。3)技术创新:目前病人的饮食营养成分含量、骨密度值、血清钙水平或血清维生素D3水平等关键生理指标仍依赖医院检查,限制了病人自我管理的连续性及便利性。未来需要进行技术突破,例如探索开发集成多光谱传感器的可穿戴设备,用于无创监测皮肤维生素D合成状态或特定饮食标记物,或开发骨密度快速筛查设备。这些技术的突破将极大提升病人自我监测的便利性和数据的连续性。4)长期效果评估:现有研究随访时间普遍较短,难以全面评估干预的长期效益。未来研究应设计大样本、多中心、长周期的随机对照试验,评估移动医疗干预模式对骨质疏松症病人关键结局指标的长期影响。
综上所述,移动医疗技术在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的应用需以病人为中心,结合分层管理理念、适老化设计以及前沿技术创新,并进行长时间的随机对照试验进行效果验证。通过跨学科合作,构建监测-评估-反馈-干预的闭环管理体系,这有助于提升病人自我管理效能,降低骨折风险,提高生活质量,并减轻公共卫生负担。
本研究从移动医疗设备在骨质疏松症病人自我管理中的干预形式、功能特点、呈现特点、结局指标等方面进行了范围综述,结果显示移动医疗技术能够提高骨质疏松症病人自我管理能力,改善病人临床结局,减轻家庭及社会经济负担。未来研究可以将应用程序与可穿戴设备及虚拟现实技术协同应用,以病人为中心,并结合分层管理理念、适老化原则等方面进行深入研究,进一步改善骨质疏松症病人的健康结局。

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2026年第40卷第12期
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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.12.019
  • 接收时间:2025-07-06
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-06
  • 修回日期:2026-05-28
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    1河南医药大学第五临床学院,河南 453000
    2河南医药大学第二临床学院
    3河南医药大学护理学院
    4新乡市第一人民医院

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王宏茹 ,E-mail:
WANG Hongru, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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