首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1322931411493204913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931411006665649, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1753891200000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-31, revisedDate=1768838400000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341027376, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1783612800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341027376, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341027376, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341027376, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322931411006665649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='13', pageStart='2193', pageEnd='2384', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783612800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341027261, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343114456, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940165425082661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931411006665649, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940165425082662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931411006665649, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2327, endPage=2332, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322931411698725810, articleId=1322931411493204913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Construction of higher vocational "nursing+" professional direction group curriculum system based on the iceberg model and CBE theory, columnId=1220689488284668633, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Comprehensive Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

In response to the disconnection between current higher vocational nursing education and the competency requirements of emerging nursing positions,as well as the homogenization of talent cultivation,this study aims to construct a curriculum system for a "Nursing+" professional direction group that is closely aligned with job demands. The goal is to cultivate "specialized and versatile" interdisciplinary nursing professionals.

Methods

Integrating the iceberg model and competency-based education(CBE) theory, the Delphi method was employed to construct a "nursing+" nurse job competency evaluation index system encompassing three dimensions: knowledge,skills,and qualities.

Results

A total of two rounds of expert consultations were conducted.The expert authority coefficients of second round was 0.97,and Kendall's coefficient of concordance was 0.37. Based on the constructed competency index system,a "Platform+Module+Practice" curriculum system was designed:a general education curriculum platform to solidify implicit competencies;a professional general platform to consolidate the foundation of explicit competencies; three directional module courses (elderly care,health management,and maternal & infant care) to focus on job-specific skills;and a "2+1" practical training model to enhance job adaptation.Additionally,deep integration of courses and certifications were achieved through a four-step mechanism:"standard deconstruction-course matching-resource reconstruction-dynamic updating".

Conclusions

The constructed curriculum system effectively bridges the gap between traditional nursing education and the needs of emerging nursing positions.It systematically cultivates high-quality interdisciplinary nursing talents,provides precise talent support for the development of the health industry,and promotes the reform of higher vocational nursing education.

, authors=Ying YANG, Baoxia CHANG, Lin YANG, Jun WU, authorsList=Ying YANG, Baoxia CHANG, Lin YANG, Jun WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Baoxia CHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322931412306899893, articleId=1322931411493204913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=基于冰山模型与能力本位教育理论构建高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系, columnId=1220689488938980091, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=综合研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

针对当前高职护理教育与新岗位胜任力要求脱节、人才培养同质化等问题，构建一套与岗位需求紧密对接的“护理+”专业方向群课程体系，以培养“一专多能”的复合型护理人才。

方法

融合冰山模型与能力本位教育（CBE）理论，采用德尔菲法构建涵盖知识、能力、素质3个维度的“护理+”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系。

结果

共进行2轮专家函询。第2轮专家权威系数为0.97，肯德尔协调系数为0.37。基于构建的胜任力指标体系，设计出“平台+模块+实践”课程体系：通识课程平台筑牢隐性胜任力；专业通用平台夯实显性胜任力基础；三大方向模块课程（老年照护/健康管理/母婴照护）聚焦岗位特色能力；“2+1”实践模式深化岗位适配。同时，通过“标准拆解-课程匹配-资源重构-动态更新”四步机制实现深度课证融通。

结论

构建的高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系有效弥合了传统护理教育与新型岗位需求之间的鸿沟，能够系统性培养高素质复合型护理人才，为健康产业发展提供精准人才支撑，并推动高职护理教育的改革。

, authors=杨颖, 常保霞*, *, 杨琳, 吴君, authorsList=杨颖, 常保霞, 杨琳, 吴君, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=常保霞, authorNote=

杨颖，硕士研究生，教授

, correspAuthorsNote=
常保霞，E-mail：
CHANG Baoxia, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=除非特别声明，本刊刊出的所有文章不代表本刊编委会的观点。, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=GxooLwgtnaLV59h59SWHJA==, magXml=XPKbhC2xFkp78D4P4Ntvfw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=llX0PKq9mpDcxZQOjGhRgg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ieWveCsUs6aHvmvmoSNiZw==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322931412608889786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412701164476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412608889786, language=EN, stringName=Ying YANG, firstName=Ying, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412772467645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412608889786, language=CN, stringName=杨颖, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio={"content":"

杨颖，硕士研究生，教授

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

杨颖，硕士研究生，教授

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])]), Author(id=1322931412843770815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=605032039@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412915073985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412843770815, language=EN, stringName=Baoxia CHANG, firstName=Baoxia, middleName=null, lastName=CHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412998960066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412843770815, language=CN, stringName=常保霞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, *, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])]), Author(id=1322931413066068932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413133177798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413066068932, language=EN, stringName=Lin YANG, firstName=Lin, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413200286663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413066068932, language=CN, stringName=杨琳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])]), Author(id=1322931413279978441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413347087307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413279978441, language=EN, stringName=Jun WU, firstName=Jun, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413414196172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413279978441, language=CN, stringName=吴君, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322931415100306381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=job competency), Keyword(id=1322931415179998158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=iceberg model), Keyword(id=1322931415263884239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=competency-based education(CBE)), Keyword(id=1322931415322604496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=higher vocational nursing education), Keyword(id=1322931415381324753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=curriculum system), Keyword(id=1322931415440045010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=integration of courses and certifications), Keyword(id=1322931415498765267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=岗位胜任力), Keyword(id=1322931415561679828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=冰山模型), Keyword(id=1322931415632982997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=能力本位教育), Keyword(id=1322931415708480470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=高职护理教育), Keyword(id=1322931415771395031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=课程体系), Keyword(id=1322931415846892504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=课证融通)], refs=[Reference(id=1322931416568312799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=中华人民共和国中央人民政府, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国中央人民政府.国务院办公厅关于《深化医教协同 进一步推进医学教育改革与发展》的意见[EB/OL].[2025-06-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-07/11/content_5209661.htm., articleTitle=国务院办公厅关于《深化医教协同 进一步推进医学教育改革与发展》的意见, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931416631227360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=中共中央 国务院, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中共中央 国务院.“健康中国2030”规划纲要[EB/OL].[2025-06-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm., articleTitle=“健康中国2030”规划纲要, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931416702530529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=162, pageEnd=163, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=陈侠, 唐省三, 邱翠琼, journalName=教学实践研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈侠,唐省三,邱翠琼.关于高职护理课程体系构建的思考与实施[J].教学实践研究,2015(7):162-163., articleTitle=关于高职护理课程体系构建的思考与实施, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931416761250786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=105, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=何会, journalName=现代职业教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何会.创新“护理+N”概念下多元化高职护理人才培养模式的探索与实践[J].现代职业教育,2023(1):105-108., articleTitle=创新“护理+N”概念下多元化高职护理人才培养模式的探索与实践, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931416819971043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1973, volume=28, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=14, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=Mcclelland D C, journalName=American Psychologist, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mcclelland D C.Testing for competence rather than for intelligence[J].American Psychologist,1973,28(1):1-14., articleTitle=Testing for competence rather than for intelligence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931416903857124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=Spencer L M, Spencer S M, journalName=Competence at work:models for superior performance, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Spencer L M,Spencer S M.Competence at work:models for superior performance[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons,1993:1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931416966771685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=32, issue=2, pageStart=169, pageEnd=171, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=赵金, journalName=护理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵金.基于冰山素质模型的护理人力资源管理研究进展[J].护理研究,2018,32(2):169-171., articleTitle=基于冰山素质模型的护理人力资源管理研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417042269158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=8, pageStart=119, pageEnd=122, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=易文婷, 郎晓荣, 黄素芳, journalName=护理学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=易文婷,郎晓荣,黄素芳.护理教育背景下能力本位教育的研究进展[J].护理学杂志,2024,39(8):119-122., articleTitle=护理教育背景下能力本位教育的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417100989415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=中华人民共和国中央人民政府, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国中央人民政府.国务院关于印发《国家职业教育改革实施方案》的通知[EB/OL].[2025-06-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-02/13/content_5365341.htm, articleTitle=国务院关于印发《国家职业教育改革实施方案》的通知, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417163903976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=45, pageStart=65, pageEnd=68, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=谭瑜, journalName=教育教学论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谭瑜.“1+X”证书制度下老年照护与高职护理课证融通路径研究[J].教育教学论坛,2024(45):65-68., articleTitle=“1+X”证书制度下老年照护与高职护理课证融通路径研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417235207145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=37, issue=24, pageStart=4471, pageEnd=4476, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=杨颖, 李慧, 杨琳, journalName=护理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨颖,李慧,杨琳,等.“护理+健康管理”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建[J].护理研究,2023,37(24):4471-4476., articleTitle=“护理+健康管理”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417302316010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=35, issue=2, pageStart=174, pageEnd=177, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=常保霞, 杨颖, 吴君, journalName=山西卫生健康职业学院学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=常保霞,杨颖,吴君,等.基于岗位胜任力构建高职“护理+老年照护”课程体系的研究[J].山西卫生健康职业学院学报,2025,35(2):174-177., articleTitle=基于岗位胜任力构建高职“护理+老年照护”课程体系的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417369424875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=38, issue=18, pageStart=3332, pageEnd=3337, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=杨颖, 李慧, 李星星, journalName=护理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨颖,李慧,李星星,等.“护理+母婴护理”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建[J].护理研究,2024,38(18):3332-3337., articleTitle=“护理+母婴护理”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931417432339436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=3, pageStart=34, pageEnd=41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=南海, journalName=江苏高职教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=南海.现阶段我国现代职业教育体系建设的行动指南——《关于深化现代职业教育体系建设改革的意见》内容解读[J].江苏高职教育,2023,23(3):34-41., articleTitle=现阶段我国现代职业教育体系建设的行动指南——《关于深化现代职业教育体系建设改革的意见》内容解读, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322931415964333017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Architecture diagram of the "platform+module+practice" curriculum system for the "nursing+" professional direction group, figureFileSmall=UoreyE6xstQ92rm2PoiWEA==, figureFileBig=llX0PKq9mpDcxZQOjGhRgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322931416035636186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, label=图1, caption=“护理+”专业方向群“平台+模块+实践”课程体系架构图, figureFileSmall=UoreyE6xstQ92rm2PoiWEA==, figureFileBig=llX0PKq9mpDcxZQOjGhRgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322931416236962779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Core content of the competency evaluation index system for new-type nurse positions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
新型护士岗位核心胜任力指标（特色二级指标及三级指标示例）
护理+老年照护知识维度：护理专业基本知识、老年护理知识、养老服务相关的人文知识
能力维度：护理专业基本能力（基础护理、急救护理、病情观察）；老年人生活照护能力（如饮食照护、排泄照护）；失智老年人照护能力（认知障碍评估、认知功能康复）；安宁疗护能力（临终沟通、疼痛控制）
素质维度：服务意识、人文关怀、耐心细致
护理+母婴照护知识维度：护理专业基本知识、新生儿护理知识、孕产妇护理知识
能力维度：护理专业基本能力（基础护理、急救护理、病情观察）；孕期护理能力（高危妊娠识别、产前检查指导）；新生儿护理能力（Apgar评分、黄疸观察）；教育与咨询能力（母婴心理指导、育儿技能培训）
素质维度：母性关怀、安全防护意识、生命敬畏感
护理+健康管理知识维度：护理专业基本知识、健康风险评估、卫生保健基本知识
能力维度：护理专业基本能力（基础护理、急救护理、病情观察）；信息采集与健康监测能力（收集健康信息、动态健康监测）；健康风险评估与分析能力（识别慢病风险、解读健康风险评估结果）；健康指导能力（个性化干预方案制定）
素质维度：职业道德、服务意识、积极的工作态度
), ArticleFig(id=1322931416304071644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

新型护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系核心内容

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
新型护士岗位核心胜任力指标（特色二级指标及三级指标示例）
护理+老年照护知识维度：护理专业基本知识、老年护理知识、养老服务相关的人文知识
能力维度：护理专业基本能力（基础护理、急救护理、病情观察）；老年人生活照护能力（如饮食照护、排泄照护）；失智老年人照护能力（认知障碍评估、认知功能康复）；安宁疗护能力（临终沟通、疼痛控制）
素质维度：服务意识、人文关怀、耐心细致
护理+母婴照护知识维度：护理专业基本知识、新生儿护理知识、孕产妇护理知识
能力维度：护理专业基本能力（基础护理、急救护理、病情观察）；孕期护理能力（高危妊娠识别、产前检查指导）；新生儿护理能力（Apgar评分、黄疸观察）；教育与咨询能力（母婴心理指导、育儿技能培训）
素质维度：母性关怀、安全防护意识、生命敬畏感
护理+健康管理知识维度：护理专业基本知识、健康风险评估、卫生保健基本知识
能力维度：护理专业基本能力（基础护理、急救护理、病情观察）；信息采集与健康监测能力（收集健康信息、动态健康监测）；健康风险评估与分析能力（识别慢病风险、解读健康风险评估结果）；健康指导能力（个性化干预方案制定）
素质维度：职业道德、服务意识、积极的工作态度
), ArticleFig(id=1322931416375374813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Competency-based curriculum modules for the "nursing+" professional direction group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
课程平台课程模块核心课程示例对应岗位胜任力对接证书
知识能力素质
通识课程平台共用课程模块毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论马克思主义中国化的历史脉络、核心理论成果及其时代价值；习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的核心要义与实践要求在临床决策中自觉践行社会主义核心价值观社会主义核心价值观、家国情怀与责任感等执业护士资格证书
专业方向融通课程模块护理伦理与法律法规等国家医疗卫生政策与护理伦理规范依法规范执业行为，规避医疗纠纷风险服务意识、责任感
专业通用平台专业基础共用课程模块正常人体结构、病理学与病理生理学等人体解剖学知识、常见疾病的病理变化运用医学基础知识分析临床实际问题科学素养、逻辑分析能力、解决问题能力
专业方向融通课程模块药理学、护理学导论医院护士岗位和新型护士岗位常用药物作用机制、护理基本理论、护理工作程序根据不同护理对象运用药理学、护理基本理论等解决问题风险评估与防范意识、责任担当
专业核心课程模块健康评估、外科护理、急救护理技术等临床各科常见病的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗、护理相关知识按照护理程序观察病情、制订护理计划、实施护理措施风险评估与防范意识、团队协作、评判性思维能力
专业拓展课程模块中医护理、社区护理等在传统医院中医科护士岗位、社区护士岗位和新型护士岗位工作中常用的中医基础理论、社区护理知识根据不同护理对象开展中医护理、社区护理的能力文化传承认同、整体护理认知、创新能力
老年照护方向老年照护子课程模块老年生活照护、老年康复护理、老年照护服务管理老年人生活照护、康复照护知识为老年人进行生活照护、配合康复治疗师进行康复照护的能力服务意识与人文关怀、慢性病持续管理意识老年照护中级证书
老年人能力评估子课程模块老年人能力评估、老年照护服务管理老年人能力评估和老年照护服务管理相关知识规范进行老年综合评估、规范使用评估工具的能力动态评估意识、需求导向认知、精准服务动机老年护理服务需求评估中级证书
失智老年人照护子课程模块失智老年人照护、老年照护服务管理失智老年人能力评估和老年照护服务管理相关知识能为失智症老人进行评估与干预的技术职业认同、心理支持意识、持续耐心动机失智老年人照护中级证书
健康管理方向健康管理课程模块健康监测与评价技术、健康管理实务健康监测与评价、健康管理相关知识信息采集与健康监测能力、解决常见健康管理问题的能力健康促进意识、预防导向思维、数据驱动决策倾向健康管理师三级证书
母婴护理方向母婴护理课程模块母婴照护实务、母婴照护服务管理母婴照护、母婴照护服务管理相关的知识新生儿护理操作规范、教育与咨询能力等母性关怀意识、安全防护认知、细心谨慎、生命敬畏感母婴护理中级证书
), ArticleFig(id=1322931416450872286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

基于岗位胜任力的“护理+”专业方向群课程模块

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
课程平台课程模块核心课程示例对应岗位胜任力对接证书
知识能力素质
通识课程平台共用课程模块毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论马克思主义中国化的历史脉络、核心理论成果及其时代价值；习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的核心要义与实践要求在临床决策中自觉践行社会主义核心价值观社会主义核心价值观、家国情怀与责任感等执业护士资格证书
专业方向融通课程模块护理伦理与法律法规等国家医疗卫生政策与护理伦理规范依法规范执业行为，规避医疗纠纷风险服务意识、责任感
专业通用平台专业基础共用课程模块正常人体结构、病理学与病理生理学等人体解剖学知识、常见疾病的病理变化运用医学基础知识分析临床实际问题科学素养、逻辑分析能力、解决问题能力
专业方向融通课程模块药理学、护理学导论医院护士岗位和新型护士岗位常用药物作用机制、护理基本理论、护理工作程序根据不同护理对象运用药理学、护理基本理论等解决问题风险评估与防范意识、责任担当
专业核心课程模块健康评估、外科护理、急救护理技术等临床各科常见病的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗、护理相关知识按照护理程序观察病情、制订护理计划、实施护理措施风险评估与防范意识、团队协作、评判性思维能力
专业拓展课程模块中医护理、社区护理等在传统医院中医科护士岗位、社区护士岗位和新型护士岗位工作中常用的中医基础理论、社区护理知识根据不同护理对象开展中医护理、社区护理的能力文化传承认同、整体护理认知、创新能力
老年照护方向老年照护子课程模块老年生活照护、老年康复护理、老年照护服务管理老年人生活照护、康复照护知识为老年人进行生活照护、配合康复治疗师进行康复照护的能力服务意识与人文关怀、慢性病持续管理意识老年照护中级证书
老年人能力评估子课程模块老年人能力评估、老年照护服务管理老年人能力评估和老年照护服务管理相关知识规范进行老年综合评估、规范使用评估工具的能力动态评估意识、需求导向认知、精准服务动机老年护理服务需求评估中级证书
失智老年人照护子课程模块失智老年人照护、老年照护服务管理失智老年人能力评估和老年照护服务管理相关知识能为失智症老人进行评估与干预的技术职业认同、心理支持意识、持续耐心动机失智老年人照护中级证书
健康管理方向健康管理课程模块健康监测与评价技术、健康管理实务健康监测与评价、健康管理相关知识信息采集与健康监测能力、解决常见健康管理问题的能力健康促进意识、预防导向思维、数据驱动决策倾向健康管理师三级证书
母婴护理方向母婴护理课程模块母婴照护实务、母婴照护服务管理母婴照护、母婴照护服务管理相关的知识新生儿护理操作规范、教育与咨询能力等母性关怀意识、安全防护认知、细心谨慎、生命敬畏感母婴护理中级证书
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1220037649855897604, delFlag=0, nameCn=护理研究, nameEn=Chinese Nursing Research, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1009-6493, eissn=null, cn=14-1272/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=5ND/w5RQYz//x8ucn+e6Vw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Nursing Research, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1768809242933, updatedTime=1789628561524, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=5ND/w5RQYz//x8ucn+e6Vw==, picEn=vXneBBf6WfTz/ls4yy3nnA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1307360202571928186, language=CN, name=护理研究, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789628561871, updatedTime=1789628561871, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=1de4c13f-4807-4ea4-8d8a-5, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=321a724c-d51d-4f08-a85e-2, submissionReviewUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=dadec7f2-d93c-4f73-8f97-e, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1307360202618065531, language=EN, name=Chinese Nursing Research, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789628561882, updatedTime=1789628561882, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=1de4c13f-4807-4ea4-8d8a-5, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=321a724c-d51d-4f08-a85e-2, submissionReviewUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=dadec7f2-d93c-4f73-8f97-e, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1220038315760373764, websiteList=[Website(id=1220043903038837076, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1220038315760373764, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1768810733804, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1768811130580, updateBy=18614031015, name=护理研究-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=护理研究, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1228001613021904925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770707999711, updateTime=1770707999711, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613005127706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770707999707, updateTime=1770707999707, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613038682144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707999715, updateTime=1770707999715, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613000933401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/file/pic?fileId=pB29yYO+7WdTp0HLQ4KSzg==, createTime=1770707999706, updateTime=1770707999706, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613047070754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707999717, updateTime=1770707999717, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613017710620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770707999710, updateTime=1770707999710, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613042876449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707999716, updateTime=1770707999716, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613013516315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770707999709, updateTime=1770707999709, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613026099230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770707999712, updateTime=1770707999712, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613034487839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770707999714, updateTime=1770707999714, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1220043903097557352, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1220038315760373764, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1768810733819, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1768811154181, updateBy=18614031015, name=护理研究-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Nursing Research, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1220045841042166147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1768811195860, updateTime=1768811195860, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841017000320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1768811195854, updateTime=1768811195854, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841063137670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1768811195865, updateTime=1768811195865, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841008611711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/file/pic?fileId=pB29yYO+7WdTp0HLQ4KSzg==, createTime=1768811195852, updateTime=1768811195852, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841075720584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1768811195868, updateTime=1768811195868, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841033777538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1768811195858, updateTime=1768811195858, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841071526279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1768811195867, updateTime=1768811195867, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841025388929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1768811195857, updateTime=1768811195857, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841046360452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1768811195861, updateTime=1768811195861, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841054749061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1768811195863, updateTime=1768811195863, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=护理研究, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.hlyjzz.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Nursing Research, journalPhotoCn=5ND/w5RQYz//x8ucn+e6Vw==, journalPhotoEn=vXneBBf6WfTz/ls4yy3nnA==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/PDF/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/PDF/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1783612800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于冰山模型与能力本位教育理论构建高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系
收藏切换
杨颖 , 常保霞 *, * , 杨琳 , 吴君
护理研究 | 综合研究 2026,40(13): 2327-2332
收起
收藏切换
护理研究 |综合研究 2026 , 40 (13) : 2327 -2332
基于冰山模型与能力本位教育理论构建高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系
全屏
[Author(id=1322931412608889786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412701164476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412608889786, language=EN, stringName=Ying YANG, firstName=Ying, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412772467645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412608889786, language=CN, stringName=杨颖, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio={"content":"

杨颖，硕士研究生，教授

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

杨颖，硕士研究生，教授

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])]), Author(id=1322931412843770815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=605032039@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412915073985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412843770815, language=EN, stringName=Baoxia CHANG, firstName=Baoxia, middleName=null, lastName=CHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931412998960066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931412843770815, language=CN, stringName=常保霞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, *, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])]), Author(id=1322931413066068932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413133177798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413066068932, language=EN, stringName=Lin YANG, firstName=Lin, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413200286663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413066068932, language=CN, stringName=杨琳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])]), Author(id=1322931413279978441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413347087307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413279978441, language=EN, stringName=Jun WU, firstName=Jun, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322931413414196172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, authorId=1322931413279978441, language=CN, stringName=吴君, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931412529198006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412537586615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931412545975224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931411493204913, companyId=1322931412529198006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619)])])]
杨颖, 常保霞*, * , 杨琳, 吴君
作者信息
  • 1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619
通讯作者:
常保霞，E-mail：
CHANG Baoxia, E-mail:
作者简介:

杨颖，硕士研究生，教授

Construction of higher vocational "nursing+" professional direction group curriculum system based on the iceberg model and CBE theory
Ying YANG, Baoxia CHANG , Lin YANG, Jun WU
Affiliations
  • 1Shanxi Health Vocational College, Shanxi 030619 China
出版时间: 2026-07-10 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起
目的

针对当前高职护理教育与新岗位胜任力要求脱节、人才培养同质化等问题，构建一套与岗位需求紧密对接的“护理+”专业方向群课程体系，以培养“一专多能”的复合型护理人才。

方法

融合冰山模型与能力本位教育（CBE）理论，采用德尔菲法构建涵盖知识、能力、素质3个维度的“护理+”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系。

结果

共进行2轮专家函询。第2轮专家权威系数为0.97，肯德尔协调系数为0.37。基于构建的胜任力指标体系，设计出“平台+模块+实践”课程体系：通识课程平台筑牢隐性胜任力；专业通用平台夯实显性胜任力基础；三大方向模块课程（老年照护/健康管理/母婴照护）聚焦岗位特色能力；“2+1”实践模式深化岗位适配。同时，通过“标准拆解-课程匹配-资源重构-动态更新”四步机制实现深度课证融通。

结论

构建的高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系有效弥合了传统护理教育与新型岗位需求之间的鸿沟，能够系统性培养高素质复合型护理人才，为健康产业发展提供精准人才支撑，并推动高职护理教育的改革。

岗位胜任力  /  冰山模型  /  能力本位教育  /  高职护理教育  /  课程体系  /  课证融通
Objective

In response to the disconnection between current higher vocational nursing education and the competency requirements of emerging nursing positions,as well as the homogenization of talent cultivation,this study aims to construct a curriculum system for a "Nursing+" professional direction group that is closely aligned with job demands. The goal is to cultivate "specialized and versatile" interdisciplinary nursing professionals.

Methods

Integrating the iceberg model and competency-based education(CBE) theory, the Delphi method was employed to construct a "nursing+" nurse job competency evaluation index system encompassing three dimensions: knowledge,skills,and qualities.

Results

A total of two rounds of expert consultations were conducted.The expert authority coefficients of second round was 0.97,and Kendall's coefficient of concordance was 0.37. Based on the constructed competency index system,a "Platform+Module+Practice" curriculum system was designed:a general education curriculum platform to solidify implicit competencies;a professional general platform to consolidate the foundation of explicit competencies; three directional module courses (elderly care,health management,and maternal & infant care) to focus on job-specific skills;and a "2+1" practical training model to enhance job adaptation.Additionally,deep integration of courses and certifications were achieved through a four-step mechanism:"standard deconstruction-course matching-resource reconstruction-dynamic updating".

Conclusions

The constructed curriculum system effectively bridges the gap between traditional nursing education and the needs of emerging nursing positions.It systematically cultivates high-quality interdisciplinary nursing talents,provides precise talent support for the development of the health industry,and promotes the reform of higher vocational nursing education.

job competency  /  iceberg model  /  competency-based education(CBE)  /  higher vocational nursing education  /  curriculum system  /  integration of courses and certifications
杨颖, 常保霞, 杨琳, 吴君. 基于冰山模型与能力本位教育理论构建高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (13) : 2327 -2332 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019
Ying YANG, Baoxia CHANG, Lin YANG, Jun WU. Construction of higher vocational "nursing+" professional direction group curriculum system based on the iceberg model and CBE theory[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (13) : 2327 -2332 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019
正文
收起
近年来，国家层面持续推动医学教育改革与“健康中国”建设。《关于深化医教协同进一步推进医学教育改革与发展的意见》[1]中明确提出，要以行业需求为导向，加强健康养老、护理等专业人才培养，并完善人才准入和评价标准。《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》[2]提出“全民”“全生命周期”健康理念，促使护理服务从传统的医院场景拓展到社区、养老机构、母婴会所等更广泛的社会领域，护理服务的深度和广度不断延伸，催生出一系列新型护士岗位。当前传统高职护理专业课程体系存在诸多问题[3]。一方面，课程内容与新型护理岗位需求严重脱节，课程结构不合理，缺乏专业特色，人才培养同质化现象突出；另一方面，高职护理专业毕业生就业面虽有所拓宽，但课程设置仍围绕医院护士岗位构建，学生仅具备传统护理能力，难以满足老年照护、健康管理、母婴照护等新型岗位对多样化、个性化护理人才的需求，“护理+”复合型人才与市场需求间存在缺口[4]。因此，本研究基于冰山模型和能力本位教育（CBE）理论，构建“护理+”护士岗位胜任力指标体系，并据此重构高职“护理+”专业方向群课程体系，旨在实现三大目标：一是填补传统护理教育与新型岗位需求的断层，培养“一专多能”的复合型护理人才；二是提升高职护生的就业竞争力，拓宽职业发展路径；三是为健康产业高质量发展提供精准人才支撑，推动护理教育的内涵式改革。
1　理论基础
收起
1.1　冰山模型
美国心理学家McClelland[5]提出“胜任力”概念，认为胜任力是能够区分普通员工与优秀员工的个体特征，涵盖动机、特质、自我概念、态度或价值观、知识或技能等方面。随后，Spencer等[6]完善了“冰山模型”，将胜任力特质分为动机、特质、自我概念、知识、技能5类，且划分为显性和隐性2个层面。在护理领域，显性部分如护理专业知识和操作技能可通过课堂教学和实践训练获取；隐性部分如职业素养、服务意识、评判性思维等，虽难以直接观察和测量，但却是区分普通护士和优秀护士的关键因素[7]。
1.2　能力本位教育
能力本位教育强调以实际能力和技能的培养为核心，以岗位胜任力为导向设计课程，通过模块化教学实现能力目标[8]。与传统教学相比，能力本位教育以职业岗位需求为出发点，致力于培养学生从事特定职业的实际能力，使学生能迅速适应工作岗位。其采用模块化课程设置，根据岗位胜任力将教学内容分解为多个能力模块，每个模块对应明确的能力目标。在教学方法上，能力本位教育强调以学生为主体，采用实践教学、项目教学、案例教学等多种方式，让学生在实际操作和解决问题的过程中提升能力，教学过程更具有针对性和实用性。能力本位教育是落实冰山模型中显性能力培养和实现课证融通的理想框架。课证融通是指将课程教学与职业技能等级证书的培训及考核内容有机融合，旨在提高学生的职业能力和就业竞争力，实现学历教育与职业培训的无缝衔接。《国家职业教育改革实施方案》[9]提出要深化复合型技术技能人才培养培训模式改革，启动1+X证书制度试点工作，二者相结合能够有效提升护生的就业能力，促进其职业生涯的多元化发展[10]。
1.3　理论融合逻辑
本研究将冰山模型和能力本位教育二者结合，把“护理+”护士岗位胜任力的培养与护理专业课程有机融合，系统构建“护理+”专业方向群课程体系。冰山模型提供内容框架，识别和定义显性/隐性胜任力维度；能力本位教育提供方法论框架，将这些胜任力转化为模块化课程、教学活动及评价标准，并与证书衔接。
2　研究设计
收起
2.1　研究流程
本研究通过文献研究和半结构化访谈，初步构建“护理+健康管理”“护理+老年照护”“护理+母婴照护”3个新型护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系，分别制订函询问卷。分别通过2轮德尔菲专家函询，确立最终的指标体系[11-13]。基于3个新型护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系设计“平台+模块+实践”课程体系，继而设计课证融通机制，确定各模块课程。
2.2　德尔菲专家函询
采用德尔菲法进行函询，每个新型护士岗位选取不少于15名专家。专家纳入标准：具备本科及以上学历；从事相关工作10年以上，具有丰富的实践经验和专业知识。采用专家权威系数（Cr）和肯德尔协调系数（W）对专家意见的可靠性和一致性进行检验，确保研究结果的科学性。
参与第2轮函询的专家权威系数为0.97，专家权威性较高；肯德尔协调系数为0.37，P<0.001，专家具有良好的一致性。经过2轮专家函询，完成指标筛选与优化，最终形成护理+老年照护”（包括3个一级指标、21个二级指标、88个三级指标）、“护理+健康管理”（包括3个一级指标、17个二级指标、68个三级指标）、“护理+母婴照护”（包括3个一级指标、18个二级指标、97个三级指标）护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系。具体见表1。三级指标数量差异源于各岗位职业标准的细致程度（如老年照护涉及失智、安宁疗护等细分场景，故指标更具体）。
“护理+”新型护士岗位胜任力包括知识、能力、素质3个维度。知识和能力为“冰山以上”的显性胜任力，素质为“冰山以下”的隐性胜任力。3个新型护士岗位胜任力评价指标构成了“护理+”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系，该体系全面考虑了“冰山模型”中的各个层面，既重视知识和能力的培养，又关注学生内在潜力的提升；既注重护士基本专业素养的培养，又能满足各新型护士岗位对护士职业能力的需求，能对“护理+”护理专业方向群课程设置起到指导作用。
3　“护理+”护理专业方向群课程体系构建
收起
基于对“护理+”新型护士岗位胜任力指标的解构与合并，对应相应的知识、技能领域，构建“平台+模块+实践”课程体系（见图1），实现“基础奠基—特色拓展—实践强化”的递进式培养。
3.1　平台课程：筑牢共性基础
1）通识课程平台：培养隐性胜任力（素质维度），设置毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论、护理礼仪与人际沟通、护理伦理与法律法规等课程，落实立德树人根本任务，培养学生的职业素养、服务意识与家国情怀。2）专业通用平台：夯实显性胜任力基础（知识、能力维度的通用指标），涵盖正常人体结构、病理学、健康评估、急救护理技术等课程，强化护理专业核心能力，对接护士执业资格考试要求，奠定 “通科护士”的专业基础。
3.2　方向模块课程：强化岗位特色
在平台课程基础上，依据德尔菲法确定的不同岗位特色胜任力指标，设置三大专业方向课程模块，分别为老年照护方向课程模块、健康管理方向课程模块和母婴照护方向课程模块。见表2。
1）老年照护方向课程模块：随着养老服务行业的快速发展，新岗位、新职业不断涌现，相应的知识与技能愈发细化。考虑到学时分配的实际情况，针对当前与老年照护密切相关的3个岗位，将老年照护专业方向按照知识和能力需求细分为3个子课程模块，包括老年照护、老年人能力评估、失智老年人照护子课程模块。3个子课程模块由岗位特色课程和老年照护服务管理组成，岗位特色课程包含老年生活照护、老年人能力评估、失智老年人照护等课程，精准对接老年照护岗位的核心能力。2）健康管理方向课程模块：由健康监测与评价技术和健康管理实务2门课程组成，强化健康信息采集、风险评估与干预方案制定等能力。3）母婴照护方向课程模块：由母婴照护实务、母婴照护服务管理2门课程组成，培养孕期护理、新生儿照护、母婴心理指导等特色技能。
针对不同岗位服务对象的差异，对通识课程（如护理礼仪与人际沟通、护理伦理与法律法规）与专业基础课（如药理学、护理学导论）进行岗位适配性调整，形成“护理+”融通课程模块，实现知识、技能与职业素养的立体化培养。
3.3　实践环节：深化岗位适配
采用“2年校内学习+1年校外实践”模式。第3年校外实践包括：1）8个月二级甲等及以上医院临床实训强化基础护理、急救护理等通用能力，满足护士资格考试要求；2）2个月专项机构实习，分别在养老机构、健康管理机构、母婴护理机构完成，针对性提升岗位特色技能，实现从 “校园学习”到“岗位履职” 的无缝衔接。
4　课证融通机制
收起
3个新型护士岗位目前都有对应的1+X职业技能等级证书，为实现课程与职业资格证书的深度衔接，构建“标准拆解-课程匹配-资源重构-动态更新” 四步机制，实现“课-证”深度衔接。
1）标准拆解：组织校企专家共同解读1+X证书标准（包括老年照护、健康管理师、母婴护理），拆解职业技能等级标准文件，提取知识、技能与素养点。2）课程匹配：将拆解出的点精准映射到对应的课程模块（平台课、方向模块课）及具体教学单元。3）资源重构：开发包含评价标准、临床案例、操作视频的数字化资源包。4）动态更新：建立标准更新响应机制[14]。以《老年照护服务管理》课程为例，依据“安宁疗护服务”标准，开发临终沟通技巧、疼痛控制方案等模块，通过情景模拟训练，使学生掌握非药物疼痛缓解技术（显性技能），同时培养尊重生命的价值观（隐性素养），实现课程知识点对证书考核要点的100%覆盖。
5　讨论
收起
5.1　研究的创新点
5.1.1　理论应用创新
本研究系统地将冰山模型与能力本位教育理论深度融合并应用于高职护理专业群课程体系构建，形成“胜任力识别（冰山模型）-能力转化与课程设计-证书衔接（课证融通）”的完整理论链和实践路径，突破了传统学科体系壁垒。
5.1.2　体系设计创新
构建了“平台（通识+通用）+模块（方向特色）+实践（通用+专项）”的立体化课程结构，实现了对冰山模型显性/隐性胜任力的全覆盖和精准培养。“标准拆解-课程匹配-资源重构-动态更新”四步机制确保了培养与认证的紧密结合。
5.1.3　方法论严谨性
德尔菲法过程规范，专家代表性好，权威性高，意见协调一致，指标体系科学可靠。
5.2　实践价值
本研究精准对接需求，有效解决课程内容与新型岗位需求脱节问题，靶向培养复合型人才，为护理教育乃至其他专业群课程改革提供可借鉴的范式。学生同时具备扎实的护理核心能力和方向特色技能，并持有相关职业技能等级证书，拓宽就业渠道，为健康养老、健康管理、母婴照护等新兴产业提供亟须的高素质技术技能人才。
5.3　实施挑战与优化对策
“护理+”护理专业方向群课程体系在实施过程中面临一些挑战。
5.3.1　实践资源待扩充
养老、母婴等机构实习基地数量有限，难以满足大规模实训需求，部分特色技能训练缺乏真实场景支撑。对策：完善校企互聘共培机制、设立教师企业实践基地、聘请行业专家担任兼职教师、组织专项师资培训。
5.3.2　师资适配性需提升
“双师型”教师队伍中，兼具临床护理与老年照护/母婴照护/健康管理经验的师资占比不足，影响特色模块教学质量。对策：拓展、深化校企合作，共建共享实习基地；引入虚拟现实（VR）/增强现实（AR）、高仿真模拟人等智能技术提升校内实训的真实感和效果；开发虚拟仿真项目。
5.3.3　动态调整机制待完善
行业标准与岗位需求更新快，但课程内容调整的响应速度较慢，需优化校企联动的实时反馈机制。对策：健全“岗位需求跟踪-快速响应修订-质量反馈改进”的闭环动态调整机制；利用信息技术建立资源更新平台。
5.4　未来展望
在“护理+”护理专业方向群课程体系的进一步研究、应用的过程中，未来可将人工智能、大数据、物联网在护理领域的应用融入课程，培养学生智慧照护能力；加强与国际先进护理教育机构交流合作，引入国际课程标准和认证，培养具有国际视野的护理人才；对基于新课程体系培养的学生进行长期追踪评价，验证其岗位胜任力，提升效果和职业发展潜力。
6　小结
收起
本研究基于冰山模型与能力本位教育理论，通过严谨的德尔菲法构建了“护理+”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系，并据此创新性设计了“平台+模块+实践”课程体系及“标准拆解-课程匹配-资源重构-动态更新”四步课证融通机制。该体系有效整合了知识传授、能力培养、素质塑造与职业认证，能够精准对接新型护士岗位需求，系统性培养“一专多能”的高素质复合型护理人才，为健康产业发展提供有力支撑，并推动高职护理教育的深度改革。未来需着力解决师资结构优化、实践资源拓展及动态调整机制完善等问题，并积极融入智慧护理与国际化元素。

文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
1
中华人民共和国中央人民政府.国务院办公厅关于《深化医教协同 进一步推进医学教育改革与发展》的意见[EB/OL].[2025-06-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-07/11/content_5209661.htm.
2
中共中央 国务院.“健康中国2030”规划纲要[EB/OL].[2025-06-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.
3
陈侠,唐省三,邱翠琼.关于高职护理课程体系构建的思考与实施[J].教学实践研究,2015(7):162-163.
4
何会.创新“护理+N”概念下多元化高职护理人才培养模式的探索与实践[J].现代职业教育,2023(1):105-108.
5
Mcclelland D C.Testing for competence rather than for intelligence[J].American Psychologist,1973,28(1):1-14.
6
Spencer L M,Spencer S M.Competence at work:models for superior performance[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons,1993:1.
7
赵金.基于冰山素质模型的护理人力资源管理研究进展[J].护理研究,2018,32(2):169-171.
8
易文婷,郎晓荣,黄素芳.护理教育背景下能力本位教育的研究进展[J].护理学杂志,2024,39(8):119-122.
9
中华人民共和国中央人民政府.国务院关于印发《国家职业教育改革实施方案》的通知[EB/OL].[2025-06-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-02/13/content_5365341.htm
10
谭瑜.“1+X”证书制度下老年照护与高职护理课证融通路径研究[J].教育教学论坛,2024(45):65-68.
11
杨颖,李慧,杨琳,等.“护理+健康管理”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建[J].护理研究,2023,37(24):4471-4476.
12
常保霞,杨颖,吴君,等.基于岗位胜任力构建高职“护理+老年照护”课程体系的研究[J].山西卫生健康职业学院学报,2025,35(2):174-177.
13
杨颖,李慧,李星星,等.“护理+母婴护理”护士岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建[J].护理研究,2024,38(18):3332-3337.
14
南海.现阶段我国现代职业教育体系建设的行动指南——《关于深化现代职业教育体系建设改革的意见》内容解读[J].江苏高职教育,2023,23(3):34-41.
2026年第40卷第13期
16
6
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019
  • 接收时间：2025-07-31
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2026-07-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2025-07-31
  • 修回日期：2026-01-20
基金
作者信息
    1山西卫生健康职业学院，山西 030619

通讯作者:

常保霞，E-mail：
CHANG Baoxia, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.019
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62662699（运营及技术支持）
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持