Article(id=1322925118040715626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762617600000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-09, revisedDate=1785254400000, revisedDateStr=2026-07-29, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339526900, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339526900, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339526900, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339526900, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322924976893993108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='16', pageStart='2769', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793339493249, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343103544, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2831, endPage=2837, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322925118271402348, articleId=1322925118040715626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Status quo and latent profile analysis of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing, columnId=1220689484526572183, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the potential classification characteristics and influencing factors of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing.

Methods

From June to August 2025,a total of 381 master's candidates in nursing from 7 universities in Henan and Guangdong provinces were selected as the survey subjects.The general information questionnaire,Creativity Anxiety Scale(CAS),Creative Self-efficacy Scale(CSS),and Nurse Professional Identity Assessment Scale.Based on the latent profile analysis,the potential classification of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing was initially explored.The influencing factors of the latent profile analysis were analyzed using unordered multinomial Logistic regression.

Results

The score of the CAS for master's candidates in nursing was 36.31±10.53.The creativity anxiety of master's candidates in nursing could be classified into four potential profiles:the low anxiety balance group,the rule-dependent anxiety group,the value-driven anxiety group,and the achievement-driven anxiety group.Regression analysis showed that the institution level,grade,group meeting frequency,degree type,existing number of papers,degree of recognition of the value of scientific research achievements,creative self-efficacy,and nurse professional identity were the influencing factors of the creativity anxiety of master's candidates in nursing.

Conclusions

There is group heterogeneity in the creative anxiety of master's candidates in nursing.Institutions and supervisors could conduct individualized interventions based on the different influencing factors of the potential profiles,to reduce the level of creative anxiety among master's candidates in nursing.

, authors=Dongxue XIE1, 2, Jixiang GUO1, 2, Yuan GAO2, Binfei LI1, Huixia GENG2, Xiaoping LUO1, authorsList=Dongxue XIE, Jixiang GUO, Yuan GAO, Binfei LI, Huixia GENG, Xiaoping LUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiaoping LUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322925121186443632, articleId=1322925118040715626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑现状及潜在剖面分析, columnId=1220689484681761433, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=科研论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探索在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑潜在分类特点及影响因素。

方法

于2025年6月—8月,选取河南省及广东省7所高校的在读护理硕士研究生381人为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、创造性焦虑量表、创意自我效能量表以及护士职业认同评定量表进行调查。基于潜在剖面初步探索在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑类别,采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析潜在剖面影响因素。

结果

在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑量表得分为(36.31±10.53)分。在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑可分为低焦虑平衡组、规则依赖焦虑组、价值驱动焦虑组、成就驱动焦虑组4个潜在剖面。回归分析显示,院校层次、年级、组会频率、学位类型、现有论文数量、科研成果价值认可程度、创意自我效能感以及护士职业认同感是在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑的影响因素。

结论

在读护理硕士研究生的创造性焦虑存在群体异质性,院校及导师可以根据不同潜在剖面的影响因素对研究生进行个体化干预,以降低护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑水平。

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谢冬雪,护士,硕士研究生在读

, correspAuthorsNote=
罗小平,E-mail:
LUO Xiaoping, E-mail:
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language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中山市人民医院,广东 528403)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322925121731703156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925121740091765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, companyId=1322925121731703156, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Nursing and Health, Henan University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925121752674678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, companyId=1322925121731703156, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2河南大学护理与健康学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322925125980533151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Latent profile of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing, figureFileSmall=aqhIGsZ6WnU5UVvUpNeTyA==, figureFileBig=gpngXr010/LglIzfL6rpuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322925126043447712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=CN, label=图1, caption=在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑潜在剖面, figureFileSmall=aqhIGsZ6WnU5UVvUpNeTyA==, figureFileBig=gpngXr010/LglIzfL6rpuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322925126219608481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Fit indicators of the latent profile model for creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型AICBICaBICEntropyLMRT(P)BLRT(P)类别概率(%)
模型114 233.74714 328.37414 252.226
模型212 756.93812 902.82112 785.4270.9080.000 1<0.00165.09/34.91
模型311 823.43012 020.57011 861.9290.9390.006 8<0.00119.69/59.32/20.99
模型411 484.65411 733.05111 533.1630.9380.009 1<0.00120.21/46.98/16.27/16.54
模型511 284.64011 584.29211 343.1580.9290.058 9<0.0019.19/22.05/14.96/38.58/15.22
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126303494562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑的潜在剖面模型拟合指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型AICBICaBICEntropyLMRT(P)BLRT(P)类别概率(%)
模型114 233.74714 328.37414 252.226
模型212 756.93812 902.82112 785.4270.9080.000 1<0.00165.09/34.91
模型311 823.43012 020.57011 861.9290.9390.006 8<0.00119.69/59.32/20.99
模型411 484.65411 733.05111 533.1630.9380.009 1<0.00120.21/46.98/16.27/16.54
模型511 284.64011 584.29211 343.1580.9290.058 9<0.0019.19/22.05/14.96/38.58/15.22
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126378992035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Univariate analysis of influencing factors of the latent profiles for creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分类人数低焦虑平衡组(n=77)规则依赖焦虑组(n=179)价值驱动焦虑组(n=62)成就驱动焦虑组(n=63)χ²值P
性别男4010(13.0)17(9.5)3(4.8)10(15.9)4.7490.191
女34167(87.0)162(90.5)59(95.2)53(84.1)
年龄<25岁14128(36.4)71(39.6)23(37.1)19(30.2)10.5490.103
25~30岁19344(57.1)78(43.6)34(54.8)37(58.7)
>30岁475(6.5)30(16.8)5(8.1)7(11.1)
院校层次“211”12930(39.0)50(27.9)18(29.0)31(49.2)27.925<0.001
“985”3610(13.0)9(5.1)7(11.3)10(15.9)
“双一流”17025(32.4)98(54.7)30(48.4)17(27.0)
其他4612(15.6)22(12.3)7(11.3)5(7.9)
年级研究生一年级17645(58.4)77(43.0)25(40.3)29(46.1)16.9040.010
研究生二年级13119(24.7)72(40.2)26(41.9)14(22.2)
研究生三年级7413(16.9)30(16.8)11(17.8)20(31.7)
组会频率>3次/周204(5.2)7(3.9)9(14.5)0(0.0)16.9120.010
3次/周467(9.1)22(12.3)6(9.7)11(17.5)
<3次/周31566(85.7)150(83.8)47(75.8)52(82.5)
毕业论文要求SCI/北大核心期刊10619(24.7)56(31.3)17(27.4)14(22.2)11.7680.227
中国科技论文统计源期刊核心期刊549(11.7)24(13.4)10(16.1)11(17.5)
普通期刊489(11.7)19(10.6)14(22.6)6(9.5)
无特殊要求17340(51.9)80(44.7)21(33.9)32(50.8)
学位类型学术型19447(61.0)64(35.8)37(59.7)46(73.0)33.839<0.001
专业型18730(39.0)115(64.2)25(40.3)17(27.0)
现有论文数量无15530(39.0)97(54.2)17(27.4)11(17.4)59.118<0.001
1篇8211(14.2)31(17.3)26(41.9)14(22.2)
2篇或3篇5212(15.6)19(10.6)2(3.3)19(30.2)
>3篇9224(31.2)32(17.9)17(27.4)19(30.2)
既往参加科研培训是15830(39.0)70(39.1)28(45.2)30(47.6)1.9410.585
否22347(61.0)109(60.9)34(54.8)33(52.4)
参与导师课题是6920(26.0)28(15.6)8(12.9)13(20.6)5.3500.148
否31257(74.0)151(84.4)54(87.1)50(79.4)
招生类型统考24538(49.4)129(72.1)39(62.9)39(61.9)12.4110.006
推免13639(50.6)50(27.9)23(37.1)24(38.1)
经济压力是24647(61.0)117(65.4)34(54.8)48(76.2)6.7540.080
否13530(39.0)62(34.6)28(45.2)15(23.8)
获取科研资源难度容易5312(15.6)22(12.3)14(22.6)5(8.0)7.9110.245
一般18334(44.1)89(49.7)30(48.4)30(47.6)
困难14531(40.3)68(38.0)18(29.0)28(44.4)
科研成果价值认可程度非常重要13219(24.7)67(37.4)26(41.9)20(31.7)41.148<0.001
比较重要16026(33.7)93(52.0)22(35.5)19(30.2)
不重要8932(41.6)19(10.6)14(22.6)24(38.1)
学习形式全日制25847(61.0)129(72.1)43(69.4)39(61.9)4.1700.244
非全日制12330(39.0)50(27.9)19(30.6)24(38.1)
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126458683812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑潜在剖面影响因素的单因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分类人数低焦虑平衡组(n=77)规则依赖焦虑组(n=179)价值驱动焦虑组(n=62)成就驱动焦虑组(n=63)χ²值P
性别男4010(13.0)17(9.5)3(4.8)10(15.9)4.7490.191
女34167(87.0)162(90.5)59(95.2)53(84.1)
年龄<25岁14128(36.4)71(39.6)23(37.1)19(30.2)10.5490.103
25~30岁19344(57.1)78(43.6)34(54.8)37(58.7)
>30岁475(6.5)30(16.8)5(8.1)7(11.1)
院校层次“211”12930(39.0)50(27.9)18(29.0)31(49.2)27.925<0.001
“985”3610(13.0)9(5.1)7(11.3)10(15.9)
“双一流”17025(32.4)98(54.7)30(48.4)17(27.0)
其他4612(15.6)22(12.3)7(11.3)5(7.9)
年级研究生一年级17645(58.4)77(43.0)25(40.3)29(46.1)16.9040.010
研究生二年级13119(24.7)72(40.2)26(41.9)14(22.2)
研究生三年级7413(16.9)30(16.8)11(17.8)20(31.7)
组会频率>3次/周204(5.2)7(3.9)9(14.5)0(0.0)16.9120.010
3次/周467(9.1)22(12.3)6(9.7)11(17.5)
<3次/周31566(85.7)150(83.8)47(75.8)52(82.5)
毕业论文要求SCI/北大核心期刊10619(24.7)56(31.3)17(27.4)14(22.2)11.7680.227
中国科技论文统计源期刊核心期刊549(11.7)24(13.4)10(16.1)11(17.5)
普通期刊489(11.7)19(10.6)14(22.6)6(9.5)
无特殊要求17340(51.9)80(44.7)21(33.9)32(50.8)
学位类型学术型19447(61.0)64(35.8)37(59.7)46(73.0)33.839<0.001
专业型18730(39.0)115(64.2)25(40.3)17(27.0)
现有论文数量无15530(39.0)97(54.2)17(27.4)11(17.4)59.118<0.001
1篇8211(14.2)31(17.3)26(41.9)14(22.2)
2篇或3篇5212(15.6)19(10.6)2(3.3)19(30.2)
>3篇9224(31.2)32(17.9)17(27.4)19(30.2)
既往参加科研培训是15830(39.0)70(39.1)28(45.2)30(47.6)1.9410.585
否22347(61.0)109(60.9)34(54.8)33(52.4)
参与导师课题是6920(26.0)28(15.6)8(12.9)13(20.6)5.3500.148
否31257(74.0)151(84.4)54(87.1)50(79.4)
招生类型统考24538(49.4)129(72.1)39(62.9)39(61.9)12.4110.006
推免13639(50.6)50(27.9)23(37.1)24(38.1)
经济压力是24647(61.0)117(65.4)34(54.8)48(76.2)6.7540.080
否13530(39.0)62(34.6)28(45.2)15(23.8)
获取科研资源难度容易5312(15.6)22(12.3)14(22.6)5(8.0)7.9110.245
一般18334(44.1)89(49.7)30(48.4)30(47.6)
困难14531(40.3)68(38.0)18(29.0)28(44.4)
科研成果价值认可程度非常重要13219(24.7)67(37.4)26(41.9)20(31.7)41.148<0.001
比较重要16026(33.7)93(52.0)22(35.5)19(30.2)
不重要8932(41.6)19(10.6)14(22.6)24(38.1)
学习形式全日制25847(61.0)129(72.1)43(69.4)39(61.9)4.1700.244
非全日制12330(39.0)50(27.9)19(30.6)24(38.1)
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126710342053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Assignment of variables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值方式
院校层次其他=4,“双一流”=3,“985”=2,“211”=1
年级研究生三年级=3,研究生二年级=2,研究生一年级=1
组会频率<3次/周=3,3次/周=2,>3次/周=1
学位类型专业型=2,学术型=1
现有论文数量>3篇=4,2篇或3篇=3,1篇=2,无=1
招生类型推免=2,统考=1
科研成果价值认可程度不重要=3,比较重要=2,非常重要=1
创意自我效能感原值输入
护士职业认同感原值输入
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126794228134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

变量赋值情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值方式
院校层次其他=4,“双一流”=3,“985”=2,“211”=1
年级研究生三年级=3,研究生二年级=2,研究生一年级=1
组会频率<3次/周=3,3次/周=2,>3次/周=1
学位类型专业型=2,学术型=1
现有论文数量>3篇=4,2篇或3篇=3,1篇=2,无=1
招生类型推免=2,统考=1
科研成果价值认可程度不重要=3,比较重要=2,非常重要=1
创意自我效能感原值输入
护士职业认同感原值输入
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126882308519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors of the potential profiles for creativity anxiety among master's candidates of nursing

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型变量回归系数标准误Wald χ²值POR值95%CI
规则依赖焦虑组①常量-5.7211.29019.683<0.001
创意自我效能感0.0560.0264.8580.0281.058[1.006,1.112]
护士职业认同感0.0330.01010.7930.0011.033[1.013,1.054]
院校层次(“211”)1.8120.6996.7100.0106.120[1.554,24.101]
院校层次(“双一流”)1.6620.49811.1360.0015.272[1.986,13.994]
科研成果价值认可程度(非常重要)1.5320.5408.0500.0054.629[1.606,13.344]
科研成果价值认可程度(比较重要)2.1210.50717.464<0.0018.337[3.084,22.541]
价值驱动焦虑组①常量-9.8851.78330.743<0.001
护士职业认同感0.0770.01333.579<0.0011.080[1.052,1.108]
院校层次(“双一流”)1.4720.6734.7850.0294.356[1.165,16.283]
现有论文数量(无)-2.4990.8059.6250.0020.082[0.017,0.398]
科研成果价值认可程度(比较重要)1.4520.6514.9750.0264.270[1.192,15.291]
成就驱动焦虑组①常量-22.5913.00056.712<0.001
创意自我效能感0.2800.05228.959<0.0011.323[1.195,1.464]
护士职业认同感0.0950.01827.328<0.0011.100[1.061,1.140]
院校层次(“211”)2.2741.1094.2080.0409.722[1.107,85.424]
年级(研究生一年级)-1.8930.8674.7690.0290.151[0.028,0.824]
年级(研究生二年级)-2.7481.0726.5630.0100.064[0.008,0.524]
价值驱动焦虑组②常量-4.1641.4368.4050.004
护士职业认同感0.0440.01017.458<0.0011.045[1.023,1.066]
组会频率(>3次/周)1.2370.5944.3370.0373.444[1.042,11.387]
学位类型(学术型)1.0720.4934.7270.0302.920[1.111,7.674]
现有论文数量(无)-1.6080.6106.9410.0080.200[0.061,0.662]
现有论文数量(2篇或3篇)-1.7660.8764.0640.0440.171[0.031,0.952]
成就驱动焦虑组②常量-16.8702.75037.632<0.001
创意自我效能感0.2230.04722.499<0.0011.250[1.140,1.371]
护士职业认同感0.0620.01614.938<0.0011.064[1.031,1.098]
年级(研究生二年级)-2.3880.9636.1430.0130.092[0.014,0.607]
科研成果价值认可程度(非常重要)-2.0650.7248.1330.0040.127[0.031,0.524]
科研成果价值认可程度(比较重要)-1.6610.7215.3140.0210.190[0.046,0.780]
成就驱动焦虑组③常量-12.7062.88919.343<0.001
创意自我效能感0.2580.04927.568<0.0011.294[1.175,1.424]
年级(研究生一年级)-2.0870.8356.2380.0130.124[0.024,0.638]
年级(研究生二年级)-3.4481.03211.1530.0010.032[0.004,0.241]
现有论文数量(1篇)-1.9060.8704.8020.0280.149[0.027,0.818]
科研成果价值认可程度(非常重要)-1.6850.7694.7990.0280.185[0.041,0.837]
① 以低焦虑平衡组为参照;② 以规则依赖焦虑组为参照;③ 以价值驱动焦虑组为参照。
), ArticleFig(id=1322925126966194600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925118040715626, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑潜在剖面影响因素的Logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型变量回归系数标准误Wald χ²值POR值95%CI
规则依赖焦虑组①常量-5.7211.29019.683<0.001
创意自我效能感0.0560.0264.8580.0281.058[1.006,1.112]
护士职业认同感0.0330.01010.7930.0011.033[1.013,1.054]
院校层次(“211”)1.8120.6996.7100.0106.120[1.554,24.101]
院校层次(“双一流”)1.6620.49811.1360.0015.272[1.986,13.994]
科研成果价值认可程度(非常重要)1.5320.5408.0500.0054.629[1.606,13.344]
科研成果价值认可程度(比较重要)2.1210.50717.464<0.0018.337[3.084,22.541]
价值驱动焦虑组①常量-9.8851.78330.743<0.001
护士职业认同感0.0770.01333.579<0.0011.080[1.052,1.108]
院校层次(“双一流”)1.4720.6734.7850.0294.356[1.165,16.283]
现有论文数量(无)-2.4990.8059.6250.0020.082[0.017,0.398]
科研成果价值认可程度(比较重要)1.4520.6514.9750.0264.270[1.192,15.291]
成就驱动焦虑组①常量-22.5913.00056.712<0.001
创意自我效能感0.2800.05228.959<0.0011.323[1.195,1.464]
护士职业认同感0.0950.01827.328<0.0011.100[1.061,1.140]
院校层次(“211”)2.2741.1094.2080.0409.722[1.107,85.424]
年级(研究生一年级)-1.8930.8674.7690.0290.151[0.028,0.824]
年级(研究生二年级)-2.7481.0726.5630.0100.064[0.008,0.524]
价值驱动焦虑组②常量-4.1641.4368.4050.004
护士职业认同感0.0440.01017.458<0.0011.045[1.023,1.066]
组会频率(>3次/周)1.2370.5944.3370.0373.444[1.042,11.387]
学位类型(学术型)1.0720.4934.7270.0302.920[1.111,7.674]
现有论文数量(无)-1.6080.6106.9410.0080.200[0.061,0.662]
现有论文数量(2篇或3篇)-1.7660.8764.0640.0440.171[0.031,0.952]
成就驱动焦虑组②常量-16.8702.75037.632<0.001
创意自我效能感0.2230.04722.499<0.0011.250[1.140,1.371]
护士职业认同感0.0620.01614.938<0.0011.064[1.031,1.098]
年级(研究生二年级)-2.3880.9636.1430.0130.092[0.014,0.607]
科研成果价值认可程度(非常重要)-2.0650.7248.1330.0040.127[0.031,0.524]
科研成果价值认可程度(比较重要)-1.6610.7215.3140.0210.190[0.046,0.780]
成就驱动焦虑组③常量-12.7062.88919.343<0.001
创意自我效能感0.2580.04927.568<0.0011.294[1.175,1.424]
年级(研究生一年级)-2.0870.8356.2380.0130.124[0.024,0.638]
年级(研究生二年级)-3.4481.03211.1530.0010.032[0.004,0.241]
现有论文数量(1篇)-1.9060.8704.8020.0280.149[0.027,0.818]
科研成果价值认可程度(非常重要)-1.6850.7694.7990.0280.185[0.041,0.837]
① 以低焦虑平衡组为参照;② 以规则依赖焦虑组为参照;③ 以价值驱动焦虑组为参照。
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在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑现状及潜在剖面分析
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谢冬雪 1, 2 , 郭吉祥 1, 2 , 高原 2 , 李斌飞 1 , 耿慧霞 2 , 罗小平 1, *, *
护理研究 | 科研论著 2026,40(16): 2831-2837
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护理研究 |科研论著 2026 , 40 (16) : 2831 -2837
在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑现状及潜在剖面分析
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谢冬雪1, 2, 郭吉祥1, 2, 高原2, 李斌飞1, 耿慧霞2, 罗小平1, *, *
作者信息
  • 1中山市人民医院,广东 528403
  • 2河南大学护理与健康学院
通讯作者:
罗小平,E-mail:
LUO Xiaoping, E-mail:
作者简介:

谢冬雪,护士,硕士研究生在读

Status quo and latent profile analysis of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing
Dongxue XIE1, 2, Jixiang GUO1, 2, Yuan GAO2, Binfei LI1, Huixia GENG2, Xiaoping LUO1
Affiliations
  • 1Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Guangdong 528403 China
  • 2School of Nursing and Health, Henan University
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.009
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目的

探索在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑潜在分类特点及影响因素。

方法

于2025年6月—8月,选取河南省及广东省7所高校的在读护理硕士研究生381人为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、创造性焦虑量表、创意自我效能量表以及护士职业认同评定量表进行调查。基于潜在剖面初步探索在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑类别,采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析潜在剖面影响因素。

结果

在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑量表得分为(36.31±10.53)分。在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑可分为低焦虑平衡组、规则依赖焦虑组、价值驱动焦虑组、成就驱动焦虑组4个潜在剖面。回归分析显示,院校层次、年级、组会频率、学位类型、现有论文数量、科研成果价值认可程度、创意自我效能感以及护士职业认同感是在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑的影响因素。

结论

在读护理硕士研究生的创造性焦虑存在群体异质性,院校及导师可以根据不同潜在剖面的影响因素对研究生进行个体化干预,以降低护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑水平。

护理硕士研究生  /  创造性焦虑  /  潜在剖面分析  /  影响因素
Objective

To explore the potential classification characteristics and influencing factors of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing.

Methods

From June to August 2025,a total of 381 master's candidates in nursing from 7 universities in Henan and Guangdong provinces were selected as the survey subjects.The general information questionnaire,Creativity Anxiety Scale(CAS),Creative Self-efficacy Scale(CSS),and Nurse Professional Identity Assessment Scale.Based on the latent profile analysis,the potential classification of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing was initially explored.The influencing factors of the latent profile analysis were analyzed using unordered multinomial Logistic regression.

Results

The score of the CAS for master's candidates in nursing was 36.31±10.53.The creativity anxiety of master's candidates in nursing could be classified into four potential profiles:the low anxiety balance group,the rule-dependent anxiety group,the value-driven anxiety group,and the achievement-driven anxiety group.Regression analysis showed that the institution level,grade,group meeting frequency,degree type,existing number of papers,degree of recognition of the value of scientific research achievements,creative self-efficacy,and nurse professional identity were the influencing factors of the creativity anxiety of master's candidates in nursing.

Conclusions

There is group heterogeneity in the creative anxiety of master's candidates in nursing.Institutions and supervisors could conduct individualized interventions based on the different influencing factors of the potential profiles,to reduce the level of creative anxiety among master's candidates in nursing.

master of nursing student  /  creativity anxiety  /  latent profile analysis  /  influencing factors
谢冬雪, 郭吉祥, 高原, 李斌飞, 耿慧霞, 罗小平. 在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑现状及潜在剖面分析. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2831 -2837 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.009
Dongxue XIE, Jixiang GUO, Yuan GAO, Binfei LI, Huixia GENG, Xiaoping LUO. Status quo and latent profile analysis of creativity anxiety among master's candidates in nursing[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2831 -2837 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.009
护理硕士研究生作为高层次护理人才的主力军,其培养质量至关重要[1]。然而,研究生阶段繁重的学业压力、高标准的科研产出要求以及激烈的竞争环境,极易使他们产生各种心理压力。有学者将这种伴随创造性思维产生的焦虑命名为创造性焦虑(creativity anxiety),并明确指出创造性焦虑对个体创新发展有着显著的负性影响[2]。《关于深入推进学术学位与专业学位研究生教育分类发展的意见》[3]指出,研究生教育培养应以问题导向为基本原则,以提高创新型人才培养质量为目标,推进教育强国建设。由此可见,深入探讨护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑的影响因素,对提升创新培养质量具有重要的理论价值与实践意义。目前,国内护理教育领域的相关研究主要关注硕士研究生的普遍学业压力与焦虑现状,而忽视了与“创造性”任务相关的特定焦虑,且多依据量表总分进行整体评估,忽视了个体的异质性[4]。潜在剖面分析(latent profile analysis,LPA)是以个体为中心,通过潜在类别变量反映与外部变量之间关联的一种新兴的统计分析方法[5]。因此,本研究以在校护理硕士研究生为调查对象,探讨其创造性焦虑的潜在剖面,并分析影响因素,为根据类别特征有针对性地制定干预策略提供参考。
采用便利抽样法,于2025年6月—8月,选取河南省及广东省7所高等院校的在读护理硕士研究生381人为调查对象。纳入标准:全日制或非全日制在读护理硕士研究生;知情同意并自愿参加本研究。排除标准:调查期间退学、休学或毕业者。根据多元回归样本含量的经验估算法[6],样本量至少是变量数目的5~10倍,本研究纳入的自变量共25个,考虑20%的丢失率,样本量为157~313人。本研究已获得医院伦理委员会批准(编号:2026-054)。
一般资料调查表由研究者自行设计,包括性别、年龄、年级、院校层次、招生类型、组会频率、毕业论文要求、学位类型、学习形式、现有论文数量、既往参加科研培训情况、参与导师课题的情况、经济压力、获取科研资源难度、对护理科研成果价值的认可程度。
创造性焦虑量表由Daker等[2]基于创造性焦虑理论框架开发,用于评估个体在面对创造性任务时产生的特定焦虑水平,我国学者任芷葶[7]对其进行汉化。问卷包括创造性焦虑和非创造性焦虑2个维度,共12个条目。创造性焦虑维度用于测量个体在完成创造性任务时感受到的焦虑,非创造性焦虑维度则用于测量非创造性思维下感受到的焦虑程度。采用Likert 5级评分法,“一点也不”计1分,“一点点”计2分,“中等程度”计3分,“很多”计4分,“非常多”计5分,量表总分为12~60分,得分越高表示受试者的焦虑程度越强烈。本研究中该量表Cronbach's α系数为0.94。
创意自我效能量表由洪素苹等[8]基于创意自我效能理论框架编制,用于评估个体对自身完成创造性任务能力的信心程度。该量表包含创意策略信念(6个条目)、创意产品信念(5个条目)和抗负面评价信念(6个条目)3个维度,共17个条目。各条目采用Likert 4级评分法,从“非常不符合”到“非常符合”依次计1~4分,其中条目4、条目10、条目11、条目15反向计分,总分越高表明受试者的创意自我效能感越强。本研究中该量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.94。
护士职业认同评定量表由刘玲等[9]编制,用于评估护理硕士研究生对护理专业的认同程度。该量表包括职业认知评价(9个条目)、职业社会支持(6个条目)、职业社交技能(6个条目)、职业挫折应对(6个条目)和职业自我反思(3个条目)5个维度,共30个条目。各条目均采用Likert 5级评分法,“非常不符合”计1分,“非常符合”计5分,所有条目均为正向计分,量表总分为30~150分,得分越高表示受试者的职业认同感越强。本研究中该量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.98。
利用问卷星生成问卷,首页设置问卷指导语简述该问卷目的、意义、匿名保证等内容,以取得被调查者知情同意。问卷内所有条目均设置为单项选择题,多选、漏选均不可提交,且1个IP仅能提交1次。由硕士研究生导师与各高校负责人联系,在向其介绍本问卷的调查目的、具体内容、问卷填写方式及保密原则后,由负责人在各学院班级群内发放。本研究共发放问卷400份,回收有效问卷381份,有效回收率为95.25%。
采用Mplus 8.3软件进行潜在剖面分析。以创造性焦虑的12个条目得分为外显变量,依次进行1~5个剖面分析,并通过以下指标判断模型的拟合效果。1)信息评价指标:包括艾凯克信息准则(Akaike information criterion,AIC)、贝叶斯信息准则(Bayesian information criterion,BIC)和样本校正贝叶斯信息准则(aBIC),3个统计值越小表示模型拟合效果越好。2)分类评价指标:通过信息熵(Entropy)评价分类的精确程度,其取值越接近1表示分类越精确。3)似然比检验:包括罗-梦戴尔-鲁本校正似然比检验(Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelihood ratio test,LMRT)和基于Bootstrap的似然比检验(Bootstrap likelihood ratio test,BLRT),以P<0.05为判断第k个模型拟合程度优于第k-1个模型的指标。
采用软件SPSS 27.0进行统计学分析,符合正态分布的定量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,定性资料用频数、百分比(%)表示,采用方差分析、χ2检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验。以潜在剖面分析的分类结果为因变量,单因素分析中差异有统计学意义的变量为自变量,进行Logistic回归分析。检验水准α=0.05。
在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑量表得分为(36.31±10.53)分,其中创造性焦虑维度得分为(18.42±5.99)分,非创造性焦虑维度得分为(17.89±5.84)分。创意自我效能量表得分为(39.46±10.96)分。护士职业认同量表得分为(95.43±26.71)分。
基于创造性焦虑量表的12个条目对在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑进行潜在剖面分析,建立1~5个潜在剖面模型,拟合指数见表1。随着剖面数增加,模型的AIC、BIC、aBIC数据逐渐变小,剖面2~5的Entropy值均>0.9,说明分类清晰度较高。但剖面5的LMRT无统计学意义(P>0.05),表明5个剖面并不优于4个剖面。剖面4的Entropy值虽然略小于剖面3,但该剖面LMRT和BLRT均达到显著水平(P<0.05),且AIC、BIC、aBIC较剖面3更小,陡坡图亦存在明显拐点,同时通过每个剖面的在读护理硕士研究生归属于该剖面的概率情况可见分类精确度较高,因此,选择剖面4为最佳拟合模型。
依据潜在剖面分析结果绘制潜在剖面图,见图1。1)剖面1包含护理硕士研究生77人,占20.21%。该群体在创造性焦虑与非创造性焦虑维度上得分均较低,整体焦虑水平轻微,心理适应良好,能较好地平衡科研任务与创造性要求,将其命名为“低焦虑平衡组”。2)剖面2包含护理硕士研究生179人,占46.98%。该组在非创造性焦虑维度得分较高,而在创造性焦虑维度处于中等水平,显示出其焦虑主要来源于需要遵循明确规则与标准的常规科研任务,对创造性任务的焦虑反应相对可控,将其命名为“规则依赖焦虑组”。3)剖面3包含护理硕士研究生62人,占16.27%。该组特征表现为创造性焦虑维度得分显著偏高,反映对创造性任务的特定焦虑,此外,该组职业认同感较高,表明这种焦虑特质与个体对专业价值的高度认同感密切相关,因此将其命名为“价值驱动焦虑组”。4)剖面4包含护理硕士研究生63人,占16.54%。该组在创造性焦虑与非创造性焦虑维度得分均较高,创造性焦虑水平最为突出,且同时具备最高的创意自我效能感与护士职业认同感,形成了“高压力-高效能-高认同”的独特心理构型,反映出成就动机与焦虑体验的复杂交织,故命名为“成就驱动焦虑组”。
以护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑的4个潜在剖面为因变量,以单因素分析中差异有统计学意义的变量及创意自我效能感、护士职业认同感为自变量,进行Logistic回归分析,自变量赋值方式见表3。结果显示,创意自我效能感、护士职业认同感、院校层次、组会频率、科研成果价值认可程度、现有论文数量、年级、学位类型是在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑潜在剖面的影响因素(P<0.05)。详见表4。
本研究基于潜在剖面分析,将在读护理硕士研究生的创造性焦虑划分为4个具有不同表现特征的潜在剖面,证实了该群体创造性焦虑存在明显异质性。此外,低焦虑平衡组的创造性焦虑得分均处于较低水平,表明这部分学生能够在面对科研任务与创造性要求时保持较好的心理调适能力,未出现明显的焦虑反应。规则依赖焦虑组尽管在创造性任务上焦虑不高,但在常规科研任务中表现出较高的焦虑水平,提示其压力可能更多来源于学业负担本身而并非创造性过程,教育者应协助其优化时间管理与任务规划能力。价值驱动焦虑组对创造性任务表现出特异性的高焦虑,可能与个体对“创新”本身的高敏感、对自我创意能力的不确信有关,应通过创新思维训练、心理支持等方式增强其创意自我效能感。成就驱动焦虑组在整体高焦虑的同时,伴随较高的创意自我效能与职业认同,呈现出高压与高效并存的心理模式,提示该群体可能已形成一定程度的心理适应机制,但仍需关注其长期心理负荷,防止发展为心理耗竭。院校应有针对性地构建分层心理支持体系,如提供创造性任务引导、压力管理课程与个性化心理咨询服务,以提升不同焦虑类型学生的心理韧性与科研创新能力。
本研究结果显示,院校层次是区分不同创造性焦虑剖面的关键因素。来自“211”或“双一流”院校的学生更容易归属于高焦虑剖面,这与柳广舒等[10]的研究结果一致,反映出顶尖学术环境所伴随的高标准要求与高竞争压力可能持续加剧学生的创造性焦虑水平。此外,本研究发现,研究生一年级、研究生二年级学生相较于研究生三年级学生更不容易归属于成就驱动焦虑组,这与谭晓雪等[11]认为研究生二年级学生焦虑程度最重的研究结果不同。随着学习阶段的推进与科研经验的积累,部分高年级学生可能逐步发展出更具适应性的压力应对策略,或其焦虑来源已发生转化,进而影响其创造性焦虑的程度[12]。现有论文数量同样对创造性焦虑剖面归属具有一定的预测作用。本研究发现,尚未发表论文即科研创造性参与程度较低的学生,更不容易归属于创造性高焦虑组,该结果与相硕琪等[13]的研究结果一致。表明特定阶段较低程度的创造性参与行为在客观上起到了一定的保护作用,使个体避免因深入接触创造性任务而诱发创造性焦虑。焦虑程度抑制学生科研参与度,而低参与度虽在短期内减轻焦虑感,但长期来看却阻碍了创造性技能的提升,提示管理者及培养单位要重视创造性焦虑对科研行为与创新素养的潜在影响,在提升学术要求的同时,构建积极的支持性创新氛围。例如可将正念减压纳入心理支持系统[14],通过分层引导、心理支持与过程激励,帮助学生实现创造性能力与心理素质的协同发展。
本研究结果显示,学生对科研成果价值的认可程度影响其创造性焦虑的剖面归属。认为科研成果价值认可程度“非常重要”或“比较重要”的学生更倾向归属于规则依赖焦虑组或价值驱动焦虑组。这与张珊等[15]质性访谈结果相似,反映出对科研价值的高期望与对创新过程高难度的认知相互叠加,共同加剧了学生在面对创造性任务时的特定焦虑。此外,学术型硕士研究生更容易产生创造性焦虑[16],可能与该类学位对理论创新与独立研究能力的高要求密切相关。此类学生在科研过程中面临更强的原创性压力,因而对创造性任务表现出更高的焦虑敏感性。尤为重要的是,多因素分析揭示了组会频率对创造性焦虑的特异性影响。本研究发现,组会频率>3次/周更易归为价值驱动焦虑组。表明过于频繁的组会可能特异性地促使那些原本对常规任务感到焦虑的学生进一步发展为对创造性任务的特质性高焦虑。这一发现与伍雅琴等[17]关于组会频率与创造性焦虑关系的研究结果有所不同,其原因可能在于,高频次的汇报与讨论持续将学生置于创造性思维过程被审视和评价的境地,从而放大了他们对自身创新能力不足的担忧与恐惧。因此,建议管理者与导师在关注科研产出的同时,应重视学生对科研成果的价值认知与情绪反应,强化学术型研究生的创新心理支持,并对组会频率与形式进行科学设计。对于已表现出规则依赖焦虑特征的学生,应避免过高频次的创造性任务汇报,可适当降低过程性评价压力,增加形成性反馈与鼓励性引导,以阻断其向更高层次创造性焦虑的转化,营造更具支持性的科研创新环境。
本研究结果显示,创意自我效能与护士职业认同是区分创造性焦虑潜在剖面的稳定心理预测因子。创意自我效能感与护士职业认同感较高的学生,归属于成就驱动焦虑组的概率更大,呈现出一种“高压力-高效能-高认同”的特殊心理构型。该类学生虽具备良好的专业信念与创新自信,却也因自我要求过高、责任意识过强较易处于持续高压的焦虑状态[18]。护理硕士研究生的创意自我效能感越强,其对自身创新表现的要求也越高,从而加剧了创造性焦虑[4]。Chen等[19]认为,学术完美主义会加剧学生的焦虑及脆弱感,这也从侧面印证了本研究结果的科学性。此外,本研究显示,职业认同感越高的学生归属于高焦虑剖面的概率越大。这与一项针对护理硕士研究生的质性研究结果相呼应,该研究指出职业认同感越高的学生对自身能力提升的需求和迫切性越强,这种内在驱动力易转化成更高的自我期待及焦虑体验[20]。由此可见,自我效能及职业认同虽然属于积极的心理资源,但若缺乏有效的压力管理与情绪调节的能力,可能在特定情境下反而转化为学生的压力源。因此,教育管理者在注重提升学生专业能力的同时,需同步加强对其压力应对与情绪管理能力的系统培养[21],引导学生树立健康的成就动机模式,在追求卓越的同时保持心理状态的动态平衡。
本研究结果显示,护理硕士研究生是创造性焦虑的高发人群,且存在群体异质性。院校层次、年级、组会频率、学位类型、论文数量、护理科研成果价值认可程度、创意自我效能感以及护士职业认同感是在读护理硕士研究生创造性焦虑的影响因素,提示院校及导师应重点关注高危人群的心理健康,采取针对性措施缓解创造性焦虑。然而本研究的研究对象仅包含国内两省的381名护理硕士研究生,样本量较小,且可能产生一定的地域限制性;而横断面研究无法动态追踪个体心理变化过程,未来研究应扩大样本量范围,开展纵向研究以揭示创造性焦虑的发展趋势及动态变化,进一步提升研究结果的可推广性。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.009
  • 接收时间:2025-11-09
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-11-09
  • 修回日期:2026-07-29
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    1中山市人民医院,广东 528403
    2河南大学护理与健康学院

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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