Article(id=1322925059957990148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1778083200000, receivedDateStr=2026-05-07, revisedDate=1785168000000, revisedDateStr=2026-07-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339513053, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339513053, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339513053, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339513053, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322924976893993108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='16', pageStart='2769', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793339493249, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343103544, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2790, endPage=2796, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322925061925118725, articleId=1322925059957990148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Effect of helicobacter pylori infection on adult homocysteine level and pulse wave velocity, columnId=1220689484526572183, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the association between helicobacter pylori infection and serum homocysteine(Hcy) levels as well as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV),and to assess whether helicobacter pylori infection is an independent risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia and arterial stiffness.

Methods

A total of 6 207 adults who underwent physical examinations at our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were included.The subjects were divided into the helicobacter pylori positive group and the helicobacter pylori negative group based on the results of the 13C urea breath test.Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the linear association between helicobacter pylori infection and Hcy as well as baPWV.Further, multivariate logistic regression was employed to construct models for high Hcy(≥15 μmol/L) and high baPWV(≥1 800 cm/s),and sensitivity analysis was conducted.

Results

There was no significant linear correlation between helicobacter pylori infection and Hcy or baPWV.High Hcy increased the risk of helicobacter pylori positive individuals(P<0.001),and the risk of having high baPWV was significantly increased(P<0.001).The results of the sensitivity analysis were consistent.

Conclusions

There is no significant linear correlation between helicobacter pylori infection and Hcy or baPWV.However,helicobacter pylori infection significantly increases the risk of high Hcy levels and arterial stiffness.Helicobacter pylori infection may affect vascular elasticity through inflammatory responses,nutrient absorption disorders, or metabolic pathways.

, authors=Dan WANG, Qinge YONG, Liangmei GUO, Hua QING, Ning SUN, Cong MA, authorsList=Dan WANG, Qinge YONG, Liangmei GUO, Hua QING, Ning SUN, Cong MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Cong MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322925062709453578, articleId=1322925059957990148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=幽门螺杆菌感染对成人同型半胱氨酸水平及脉搏波传导速度的影响, columnId=1220689484681761433, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=科研论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨幽门螺杆菌感染与血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及肱踝脉搏波传播速度(baPWV)之间的关联,评估幽门螺杆菌感染是否为高Hcy血症和动脉僵硬的独立风险因素。

方法

纳入2022年1月—2023年12月在我院接受体检的6 207名成年人。根据13C尿素呼气试验结果将受试者分为幽门螺杆菌阳性组与幽门螺杆菌阴性组。采用线性回归分析评估幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy及baPWV的线性关联。进一步采用多变量逻辑回归分别构建高Hcy(≥15 μmol/L)和高baPWV(≥1 800 cm/s)模型,并进行敏感性分析。

结果

幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy或baPWV均无明显线性关联。高Hcy增加幽门螺杆菌阳性个体发生风险(P<0.001),且发生高baPWV的风险明显升高(P<0.001),敏感性分析结果一致。

结论

幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy或baPWV无明显线性关联,但幽门螺杆菌感染明显增加高Hcy血症及动脉僵硬风险,幽门螺杆菌感染可能通过炎症反应、营养吸收障碍或代谢途径影响血管弹性。

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王丹,副主任护师,本科

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马聪,E-mail:
MA Cong, E-mail:
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pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=15, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=Shimamoto T, Yamamichi N, Gondo K, journalName=PLoS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shimamoto T,Yamamichi N,Gondo K,et al.The association of helicobacter pylori infection with serum lipid profiles:an evaluation based on a combination of meta-analysis and a propensity score-based observational approach[J].PLoS One,2020,15(6):e0234433., articleTitle=The association of helicobacter pylori infection with serum lipid profiles:an evaluation based on a combination of meta-analysis and a propensity score-based observational approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925073069384546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=32, authorNames=Xie Q L, He Y J, Zhou D N, journalName=PeerJ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xie Q L,He Y J,Zhou D N,et al.Recent research progress on the correlation between metabolic syndrome and helicobacter pylori infection[J].PeerJ,2023,11:e15755., articleTitle=Recent research progress on the correlation between metabolic syndrome and helicobacter pylori infection, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925062910780171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925062914974476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, companyId=1322925062910780171, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The Second Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925062923363085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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Comparison of general information between two groups

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项目合计幽门螺杆菌阴性组(n=3 081)幽门螺杆菌阳性组(n=3 126)P
年龄(岁)50.1±8.849.9±8.950.3±8.70.083
性别(人) 男4 2392 0802 1590.248
女1 9681 001967
BMI(kg/m²)25.22±3.3425.17±3.3425.26±3.330.064
收缩压(mmHg)124.2±19.3123.8±19.4124.6±19.20.061
舒张压(mmHg)82.2±15.382.0±15.482.4±15.20.114
Hcy(μmol/L)11.39±5.2611.30±5.2511.51±5.270.138
baPWV(cm/s)1 401.6±623.11 388.5±615.01 414.7±631.20.104
空腹血糖(mmol/L)5.69±1.385.66±1.375.72±1.390.091
三酰甘油(mmol/L)1.50(1.05,2.19)1.49(1.04,2.19)1.50(1.05,2.20)0.291
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两组一般资料比较

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项目合计幽门螺杆菌阴性组(n=3 081)幽门螺杆菌阳性组(n=3 126)P
年龄(岁)50.1±8.849.9±8.950.3±8.70.083
性别(人) 男4 2392 0802 1590.248
女1 9681 001967
BMI(kg/m²)25.22±3.3425.17±3.3425.26±3.330.064
收缩压(mmHg)124.2±19.3123.8±19.4124.6±19.20.061
舒张压(mmHg)82.2±15.382.0±15.482.4±15.20.114
Hcy(μmol/L)11.39±5.2611.30±5.2511.51±5.270.138
baPWV(cm/s)1 401.6±623.11 388.5±615.01 414.7±631.20.104
空腹血糖(mmol/L)5.69±1.385.66±1.375.72±1.390.091
三酰甘油(mmol/L)1.50(1.05,2.19)1.49(1.04,2.19)1.50(1.05,2.20)0.291
), ArticleFig(id=1322925067583234876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Linear regression analysis with Hcy as the dependent variable

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变量回归系数95%CIP
幽门螺杆菌感染(是)-0.043[-0.295,0.209]0.738
年龄0.001[-0.013,0.014]0.890
性别(男)3.037[2.739,3.334]<0.001
BMI0.023[-0.016,0.061]0.246
收缩压0.028[0.020,0.037]<0.001
舒张压-0.008[-0.024,0.009]0.353
空腹血糖-0.210[-0.309,-0.110]<0.001
三酰甘油-0.007[-0.052,0.038]0.763
), ArticleFig(id=1322925067792950077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

以Hcy为因变量的线性回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量回归系数95%CIP
幽门螺杆菌感染(是)-0.043[-0.295,0.209]0.738
年龄0.001[-0.013,0.014]0.890
性别(男)3.037[2.739,3.334]<0.001
BMI0.023[-0.016,0.061]0.246
收缩压0.028[0.020,0.037]<0.001
舒张压-0.008[-0.024,0.009]0.353
空腹血糖-0.210[-0.309,-0.110]<0.001
三酰甘油-0.007[-0.052,0.038]0.763
), ArticleFig(id=1322925067868447550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Linear regression analysis with baPWV as the dependent variable

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量回归系数95%CIP
幽门螺杆菌感染(是)14.31[-16.44,45.06]0.362
年龄9.63[7.81,11.45]<0.001
性别(男)32.92[-0.96,66.79]0.057
BMI3.41[-0.21,7.04]0.065
收缩压5.48[4.43,6.53]<0.001
舒张压-3.85[-6.40,-1.30]0.003
空腹血糖22.46[10.34,34.58]<0.001
三酰甘油-1.10[-6.49,4.29]0.688
Hcy3.22[0.14,6.29]0.040
), ArticleFig(id=1322925067943945023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925059957990148, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

以baPWV为因变量的线性回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量回归系数95%CIP
幽门螺杆菌感染(是)14.31[-16.44,45.06]0.362
年龄9.63[7.81,11.45]<0.001
性别(男)32.92[-0.96,66.79]0.057
BMI3.41[-0.21,7.04]0.065
收缩压5.48[4.43,6.53]<0.001
舒张压-3.85[-6.40,-1.30]0.003
空腹血糖22.46[10.34,34.58]<0.001
三酰甘油-1.10[-6.49,4.29]0.688
Hcy3.22[0.14,6.29]0.040
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幽门螺杆菌感染对成人同型半胱氨酸水平及脉搏波传导速度的影响
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王丹 , 勇琴歌 , 郭亮梅 , 卿华 , 孙宁 , 马聪 *, *
护理研究 | 科研论著 2026,40(16): 2790-2796
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护理研究 |科研论著 2026 , 40 (16) : 2790 -2796
幽门螺杆菌感染对成人同型半胱氨酸水平及脉搏波传导速度的影响
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王丹, 勇琴歌, 郭亮梅, 卿华, 孙宁, 马聪*, *
作者信息
  • 1中国人民解放军总医院第二医学中心,北京 100853
通讯作者:
马聪,E-mail:
MA Cong, E-mail:
作者简介:

王丹,副主任护师,本科

Effect of helicobacter pylori infection on adult homocysteine level and pulse wave velocity
Dan WANG, Qinge YONG, Liangmei GUO, Hua QING, Ning SUN, Cong MA
Affiliations
  • 1The Second Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853 China
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.004
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目的

探讨幽门螺杆菌感染与血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及肱踝脉搏波传播速度(baPWV)之间的关联,评估幽门螺杆菌感染是否为高Hcy血症和动脉僵硬的独立风险因素。

方法

纳入2022年1月—2023年12月在我院接受体检的6 207名成年人。根据13C尿素呼气试验结果将受试者分为幽门螺杆菌阳性组与幽门螺杆菌阴性组。采用线性回归分析评估幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy及baPWV的线性关联。进一步采用多变量逻辑回归分别构建高Hcy(≥15 μmol/L)和高baPWV(≥1 800 cm/s)模型,并进行敏感性分析。

结果

幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy或baPWV均无明显线性关联。高Hcy增加幽门螺杆菌阳性个体发生风险(P<0.001),且发生高baPWV的风险明显升高(P<0.001),敏感性分析结果一致。

结论

幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy或baPWV无明显线性关联,但幽门螺杆菌感染明显增加高Hcy血症及动脉僵硬风险,幽门螺杆菌感染可能通过炎症反应、营养吸收障碍或代谢途径影响血管弹性。

幽门螺杆菌  /  同型半胱氨酸  /  脉搏波传播速度  /  动脉僵硬度  /  多变量回归
Objective

To investigate the association between helicobacter pylori infection and serum homocysteine(Hcy) levels as well as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV),and to assess whether helicobacter pylori infection is an independent risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia and arterial stiffness.

Methods

A total of 6 207 adults who underwent physical examinations at our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were included.The subjects were divided into the helicobacter pylori positive group and the helicobacter pylori negative group based on the results of the 13C urea breath test.Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the linear association between helicobacter pylori infection and Hcy as well as baPWV.Further, multivariate logistic regression was employed to construct models for high Hcy(≥15 μmol/L) and high baPWV(≥1 800 cm/s),and sensitivity analysis was conducted.

Results

There was no significant linear correlation between helicobacter pylori infection and Hcy or baPWV.High Hcy increased the risk of helicobacter pylori positive individuals(P<0.001),and the risk of having high baPWV was significantly increased(P<0.001).The results of the sensitivity analysis were consistent.

Conclusions

There is no significant linear correlation between helicobacter pylori infection and Hcy or baPWV.However,helicobacter pylori infection significantly increases the risk of high Hcy levels and arterial stiffness.Helicobacter pylori infection may affect vascular elasticity through inflammatory responses,nutrient absorption disorders, or metabolic pathways.

helicobacter pylori  /  homocysteine  /  pulse wave velocity  /  arterial stiffness  /  multivariate regression
王丹, 勇琴歌, 郭亮梅, 卿华, 孙宁, 马聪. 幽门螺杆菌感染对成人同型半胱氨酸水平及脉搏波传导速度的影响. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2790 -2796 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.004
Dan WANG, Qinge YONG, Liangmei GUO, Hua QING, Ning SUN, Cong MA. Effect of helicobacter pylori infection on adult homocysteine level and pulse wave velocity[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2790 -2796 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.004
幽门螺杆菌(HP)是一种常见的慢性胃肠道病原体,全球感染率较高[1-3]。尽管其与胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌等消化系统疾病的关联已得到广泛证实,但越来越多的研究表明,幽门螺杆菌感染的影响可能超越胃肠道,与心血管疾病(CVD)存在潜在关联[4-5]。流行病学研究和荟萃分析表明,幽门螺杆菌感染可能是动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件的风险因素[4]。研究发现,幽门螺杆菌感染与冠心病及全因心血管疾病风险的轻度增加存在关联[6-7]。同时,幽门螺杆菌可能通过诱发慢性炎症和内皮功能障碍等机制促进动脉粥样硬化发展[1,8-9]。在众多潜在机制中,作为关键心血管风险生物标志物的同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)引起了科学界的高度关注[10-12]。研究认为,Hcy水平升高可通过氧化应激、内皮损伤及促进血管平滑肌细胞增殖等途径加速动脉粥样硬化[1]。有学者提出,幽门螺杆菌感染可能导致胃黏膜萎缩,降低维生素B12和叶酸吸收,从而干扰Hcy代谢,并引发高Hcy血症[13-14],这可能成为连接幽门螺杆菌与动脉粥样硬化的间接桥梁[15-16]。 尽管有研究表明幽门螺杆菌感染可能与动脉粥样硬化相关,但现有证据主要集中于冠状动脉疾病、颈动脉粥样硬化或炎症标志物水平,而针对肱踝脉搏波传播速度(baPWV)等外周动脉弹性指标的研究有限[6,17-18]。baPWV既反映中心动脉弹性,也反映外周动脉弹性,是心血管事件的重要预测指标[19-21]。然而,多变量分析探讨其与幽门螺杆菌感染及高Hcy水平易感性关联的研究仍较为匮乏[22]。此外,既往研究多聚焦于高Hcy的连续性变化,而非具有临床意义的阈值效应[23]。因此,本研究试图从连续变量与分类变量双重视角评估幽门螺杆菌感染的影响。基于上述背景,本研究采用多变量回归分析,探讨幽门螺杆菌感染与血清Hcy水平及baPWV之间的关联。通过控制性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、慢性疾病及生活方式等多重因素,探讨幽门螺杆菌是否为高Hcy血症和动脉僵硬度(PWV)的独立风险因素,并探索其潜在的临床意义。
采用横断面研究,于2022年1月—2023年12月在某三级医院体检中心连续招募了6 207名接受幽门螺杆菌检测和动脉弹性评估的成年受检者。纳入标准:年龄18~75岁;完成13C尿素呼气试验(13C-UBT)、血清Hcy检测及baPWV评估;临床资料完整。排除标准:既往接受过抗幽门螺杆菌治疗;合并急性炎症、恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病、甲状腺疾病或慢性肾脏疾病;使用影响Hcy水平的药物(如叶酸、维生素B6/B12补充剂或甲氨蝶呤);因肢体畸形、严重外周血管疾病或心律失常导致无法准确测量baPWV。所有受试者均签署知情同意书,本研究已获医院伦理委员会批准(编号:伦审第S2026-583-01号)。
采用标准化13C-UBT检测幽门螺杆菌感染。受试者需在检测前至少禁食6 h,漱口后采集基线呼气样本,随后摄入75 mg 13C标记尿素。30 min后采集第2次呼气样本。采用同位素质谱法测定13C浓度变化值,当变化值≥0.4%时判定幽门螺杆菌感染阳性。检测由受训技术人员按标准化流程操作,仪器每日进行质量控制校准。
清晨空腹状态下,从肘前静脉抽取约3 mL血液,使用真空抗凝管采样,于2 h内离心分离血清。采用自动生化分析仪通过酶循环法测定血清Hcy水平。检测线性范围为10~40 μmol/L,批内变异系数<5%。所有检测均在同一实验室完成,每日使用标准化质控品进行校准,以确保结果稳定可靠。
采用全自动动脉僵硬度分析仪(欧姆龙Colin VP-1000)测量双侧baPWV。受试者在安静环境中静息至少10 min,测量时采取仰卧位,双上臂及双踝部均佩戴袖带。设备同步记录脉搏波上升时间并自动计算双侧baPWV值。采用双侧baPWV值的平均值作为分析指标。所有操作人员均接受过培训并严格遵循操作手册规范。为确保一致性,若2次测量值差异超过200 cm/s,则进行重复测量并取两次读数的平均值。
通过体格检查系统和问卷收集人口统计学及临床信息,包括性别、年龄、体重、身高、收缩压、舒张压。血压采用电子血压计测量3次,取平均值记录。脂质指标及空腹血糖通过标准生化方法测定。在多变量回归分析中,将上述变量作为协变量进行调整以消除混杂效应。
为开展高Hcy的二元回归分析,首先对血清Hcy的连续分布进行统计描述,包括计算均值、标准差、中位数及四分位数,同时参考国内外研究中常用的Hcy异常阈值(10 μmol/L和15 μmol/L)。基于样本分布特征,通过比较不同截断值下高Hcy患病率及其与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性,选取最稳定的阈值。该阈值被确立为后续二元逻辑回归模型的主要截断值。方法学上,采用15 μmol/L作为主要截断值,并在敏感性分析中补充使用10 μmol/L作为分层阈值,以验证模型的稳健性。
为探究血清高Hcy水平与幽门螺杆菌感染的独立关联性,建立二元逻辑回归模型,以幽门螺杆菌感染状态(阴性=0,阳性=1)为自变量,高Hcy血症(Hcy≥15 μmol/L=1,<15 μmol/L=0)为因变量。纳入年龄、性别、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、血脂水平等协变量以调整潜在混杂因素。
为评估幽门螺杆菌感染与动脉粥样硬化风险的关联性,基于baPWV分布特征及相关文献,将baPWV≥1 800 cm/s定义为高脉搏波传播速度。构建二元逻辑回归模型,以高baPWV(无=0,有=1)为因变量,幽门螺杆菌感染状态为主要自变量。纳入年龄、性别、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、血脂水平及Hcy等协变量进行多变量调整,以评估幽门螺杆菌感染对动脉粥样硬化风险的独立影响。此外,采用baPWV≥1 600 cm/s作为替代阈值进行敏感性分析,以评估模型的稳健性。
采用SPSS 26.0软件或R 4.2.2软件完成。定量资料在分析前均进行了正态性检验,符合正态分布的定量资料以均值±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;不符合正态分布的变量则以中位数(四分位数)[M(P25,P75)]表示,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。定性资料用频数、百分比(%)表示,采用χ2检验。为评估幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy水平及baPWV之间的关联,构建了线性回归模型。以Hcy或baPWV为因变量,幽门螺杆菌感染状态为主要自变量,同时调整年龄、性别、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油、吸烟及饮酒状况。基于实际结果阈值进一步构建二元逻辑回归模型: 以Hcy≥15 μmol/L作为主要高Hcy阈值,并以≥10 μmol/L进行敏感性分析;以baPWV≥1 800 cm/s作为高PWV阈值,并以≥1 600 cm/s进行敏感性分析。各模型均报告调整后OR值及95%CI。采用方差膨胀因子(VIF)评估多重共线性,所有因子均<5。对轻微缺失值采用均值或众数进行插补,缺失率<5%。所有检验均为双侧检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
共纳入6 207名受试者,其中幽门螺杆菌阴性组3 081人,幽门螺杆菌阳性组3 126人。两组一般资料比较见表1。
计算不同截断值下被归类为高Hcy血症的个体数量及其在幽门螺杆菌阳性个体中的分布情况,结果显示,采用Hcy≥10 μmol/L作为截断值时,高Hcy组3 658人(58.9%),其中1 902人为幽门螺杆菌阳性,占高Hcy组的52.0%。采用Hcy≥15 μmol/L作为截断值时,高Hcy组1 488人(24.0%),其中893人为幽门螺杆菌阳性,占高Hcy组的60.0%。综合考虑临床意义和统计分布,本研究采用Hcy≥15 μmol/L作为高Hcy截断值,为验证结果稳健性,另报告了≥10 μmol/L的分析结果。
构建以高Hcy为因变量的线性回归模型,纳入幽门螺杆菌感染状态、年龄、性别、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖及三酰甘油,结果见表2。
以baPWV为因变量,纳入幽门螺杆菌感染状态、年龄、性别、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油及Hcy水平进行回归分析,结果见表3。
为评估幽门螺杆菌感染是否为高Hcy血症的风险因素,构建二元逻辑回归模型。该模型以高Hcy(Hcy≥15 μmol/L)作为因变量(无=0,有=1),以幽门螺杆菌感染状态(阴性=0,阳性=1)作为主要自变量。模型对混杂因素进行了校正,包括年龄、性别(以女性为参照组)、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖及三酰甘油。多变量回归分析结果显示,幽门螺杆菌感染与高Hcy风险明显相关。经多重因素调整后,幽门螺杆菌阳性者发生高Hcy的风险较阴性者高1.45倍(P<0.001),采用≥10 μmol/L阈值进行的敏感性分析显示结果一致,表明幽门螺杆菌感染是高Hcy的独立风险因素。在同一模型中,男性、BMI及空腹血糖也与高Hcy风险增加相关,见图1。
为评估幽门螺杆菌感染与baPWV的关系,构建二元逻辑回归模型,以高baPWV(无=0,有=1)为因变量。主要自变量为幽门螺杆菌感染状态(阴性=0,阳性=1),多变量模型同时纳入年龄、性别(以女性为参照组)、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油及Hcy进行潜在混杂因素校正。多变量回归分析结果显示幽门螺杆菌感染与高baPWV存在明显关联,校正后OR值为1.60,表明幽门螺杆菌感染是高PWV的独立风险因素。此外,年龄、收缩压及高Hcy也是模型中高baPWV的明显独立预测因子。性别在多变量调整后呈现上升趋势,但其效应部分可由协变量解释。采用≥1 600 cm/s的baPWV阈值进行的敏感性分析显示结果一致,表明幽门螺杆菌感染可能通过影响Hcy或其他代谢/炎症通路导致动脉弹性受损,见图2。
本研究通过健康体检队列探讨了幽门螺杆菌感染与血清Hcy水平及baPWV之间的关联,结果显示,幽门螺杆菌感染与Hcy或baPWV值之间无明显线性相关性,但在二元分析中,幽门螺杆菌感染与高Hcy(≥15 μmol/L)及高baPWV(≥1 800 cm/s)风险明显相关,表明幽门螺杆菌可能对Hcy水平及动脉弹性损伤产生阈值效应或亚组效应。
关于幽门螺杆菌感染与高Hcy血症的关系,临床与基础研究均支持其合理性[24-25]。在冠心病病人中的研究显示,幽门螺杆菌感染组血清Hcy水平明显高于未感染组,且根除幽门螺杆菌后Hcy水平明显下降[26]。这些发现与本研究二元回归分析结果一致,幽门螺杆菌感染与高Hcy水平存在独立关联,表明该感染可能在特定人群中增加高Hcy发生风险。幽门螺杆菌感染通过慢性炎症和胃黏膜损伤干扰维生素B12与叶酸吸收,进而破坏甲基化循环导致Hcy蓄积[27]。但本研究未观察到幽门螺杆菌感染对血浆Hcy水平存在明显线性效应,这可能是因为研究对象均为接受体检的健康人群。此类群体通常能维持良好的维生素营养状态、饮食模式及代谢调节功能,可能掩盖或抵消幽门螺杆菌感染对Hcy水平的影响。有研究指出,幽门螺杆菌阳性组Hcy水平始终低于阴性组,表明幽门螺杆菌与Hcy的关系并非单纯呈持续升高趋势,而是可能受年龄、营养状况及细菌毒力因子等多重因素调节[28]。研究表明,幽门螺杆菌感染通过促炎效应和内皮损伤促进动脉粥样硬化进展,但其影响代谢风险因素(如Hcy)的机制仍复杂且未明[29]。PWV分析同样呈现类似复杂性。本研究线性回归分析未发现幽门螺杆菌感染与baPWV存在明显关联,但在二元逻辑回归中,幽门螺杆菌感染与高baPWV(≥1 800 cm/s)明显相关,表明幽门螺杆菌的影响可能集中于已接近动脉僵硬阈值或动脉功能较差的个体。针对2型糖尿病病人的研究表明,幽门螺杆菌感染是PWV的独立决定因素[30]。此外,一项针对年轻成人(19~39岁)的回顾性研究发现,幽门螺杆菌感染与估算脉搏波传播速度(ePWV)呈正相关,其中重度感染者ePWV明显升高[17]。这些研究结果与本研究的双变量回归分析一致,表明幽门螺杆菌感染可能在特定人群中提升动脉僵硬度。从机制上看,幽门螺杆菌感染可能通过多种途径影响动脉弹性。一方面,幽门螺杆菌会诱发慢性胃炎和全身性炎症反应,升高炎症细胞因子水平,导致内皮功能障碍和氧化应激,从而促进血管平滑肌细胞增殖和纤维化[26];另一方面,幽门螺杆菌感染可能干扰宿主营养物质吸收(如维生素B12/叶酸),导致Hcy水平升高。Hcy本身通过氧化应激、DNA损伤和胶原纤维形成促进血管僵化[31]。此外,幽门螺杆菌感染可能影响脂质代谢(如低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油)或导致血脂异常,这些因素同样通过影响血管结构和功能促进动脉粥样硬化。健康人群研究发现,幽门螺杆菌感染者存在轻微的脂质水平异常及颈动脉内膜中层厚度增厚现象[32-33]。
本研究既分析了连续变量,又采用二元分类方法,揭示了幽门螺杆菌感染对Hcy水平及动脉僵硬度可能存在的“阈值效应”;此外,通过敏感性分析进一步增强了结论的稳健性;最后,在健康体检队列中发现幽门螺杆菌感染与baPWV存在关联,表明即使在无明显临床动脉粥样硬化病变的人群中,幽门螺杆菌感染仍可能构成潜在心血管风险。
本研究的局限性:首先,横断面设计无法确立因果关系,幽门螺杆菌感染是否真正升高Hcy水平或导致动脉僵硬,需通过前瞻性队列研究或干预研究(如根除幽门螺杆菌后的随访)进行验证;其次,未对幽门螺杆菌毒力因子进行分层分析,而这些因子可能影响炎症反应和宿主代谢,菌株特性或可解释为何仅部分个体出现高Hcy或高baPWV;第三,Hcy水平受多种因素影响,包括维生素B12/叶酸摄入量及肾功能,未检测B12/叶酸或肾功能指标可能引入残余混杂因素;第四,baPWV评估主要反映外周动脉弹性,而颈动脉-股动脉段或颈动脉-肱动脉段测量的中心动脉僵硬度(cfPWV)才是心脑血管事件预后的更强预测指标,未来研究应纳入中心动脉PWV测量以增强结果解释性。
综上所述,本研究表明幽门螺杆菌感染与血浆Hcy水平呈非线性关联,但与高Hcy风险相关;且幽门螺杆菌感染与baPWV升高相关,说明幽门螺杆菌感染可能通过促炎和营养代谢紊乱机制损害动脉弹性,使其成为潜在的动脉粥样硬化风险因素。未来研究应纳入干预试验(幽门螺杆菌根除)、菌株特异性分析及纵向队列观察,以进一步验证并阐明幽门螺杆菌感染在心血管风险管理中的临床意义与干预价值,尤其针对动脉僵硬度增高及高Hcy人群。

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2026年第40卷第16期
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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.004
  • 接收时间:2026-05-07
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2026-05-07
  • 修回日期:2026-07-28
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    1中国人民解放军总医院第二医学中心,北京 100853

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马聪,E-mail:
MA Cong, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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